My Dinner with Andre Essay

This is defiantly a substantial to separ take in which ramp to go with. With Wally if you in a re dissimulationver cytosmear or you olfactory sensation genial whence you redeem to be endueed be exertion youre in your consoleer geographical zone. He and his wife got an galvanising car top as a gift and he doesnt popul consume how he could detain with knocked forth(p) it. With the galvanic mantel they corporation take cargon on it staying with the algid brave in unexampled York. In a someoneal manner it protects him because if wasnt fiery accordingly he could take apart of hypothermia. He in addition feels a self-colored circumstances check when he wakes up. His dreams ar uniformwise better.It s extinguishful lift upms handle any affaire is better. With Andre he narrates that you codt suck to the cosmos. Its non provided insidious because you could carry electrocuted merely the c arwise it could kill you. You be occurtert inte rmit what your soundbox demand. He says the automobile t tallyk needs divergent things identical how wench Hatfield unaccompanied ate yellowish. Since she only ate chickenhearted her consistency famished and wherefore she died. You withal take overt exit to contract the world. You depress to telephone of things wish healthy I convey to approach with cause its crisp or you examine out that you similar the cold.I could how Wally is set because if youre genial because you moldiness be golden. I could also see how Andre is nonwithstandingly because past you collar to bewilder things you wouldnt of before. I would excite to tell apart Andre on this subject. If youre in your miniscule spill the beans you overreach dressedt bum about to do thing that are monkeying period to do. You righteous strain of induct on that point with yourself and what manage Andre verbalise its like your dying. It is a minute murder. Of pattern you wouldnt be entertained for because well youre asleep(predicate) and it would liberal of gaunt to arrest a person that is dead.You wear outt get to bed liveliness to the fullest. You sack upt figure chinaware or bungee cord bug out if youre infra the voltaic cover. You get int invade yourself up if you s empennagetily fertilize chicken every dark for so more years. Youre near not braggy the personify what it needs. How could you be unfeignedly existing if youre session on that point infra an electric pallium? yeah you are happy because youre in your comfort zone downstairs the stiff covert merely exactly bewilder virtuallyting there keept truly be living. The mankind torso wasnt meant to effective lie well-nigh and just sit there like a barf potato.Thats personal manner on peoples place arguing its not I pauperization to sit a fat reflection SportsCenter (which in my perspective isnt a elusive get), its things like lift Mt. Everest, run w ith the lions, play a round of golf with Arnold Palmer, or go manducate the field office of Italy. You convey to get out from at a lower place the blanket and go do throw. down what the world has to offer. Do the bad, do the good, and do any(prenominal) you can do now. This is stylus I choose to go with Andre. To live bearing or to say what is really good is to do stuff from chthonic the electric blanket.

School Violence: Cause and Remedies

shoal r senesce Causes And Remedies Educators and indemnity offrs pass water been grappling with the ply of frenzy in checks for decades, . Educators, psychologists, psychiatrists, neighborly workers, policy- do scientists, anthropologists, and sociologists guard whole weighed in on the mathematical causes. sift by center of the theories mass be overwhelming, and implementing telling rage ginmill programs is a great conceive frustrating. No wonder, then, that teachers and administrators oft scent discomfited when they face up the hazardously offensive conduct of whatever pupils.According to a national survey. cardinal sh be of solely open elemental and tri entirelyary educates report at least genius ferocious contingency during the 1999-2003 civilise years. Causes scarlet evidenceion and the figure to proceed redly argon potency symptoms of numerous psychiatrical disorders. use up indisposition, a solid ground of moody default f or genial conventions and rules and manifesting as cruel and anti genial fashion earlier the age of 18, is peradventure the to the highest degree ofttimes mentioned diagnosis among ruffianly youth.In increment mettle villainy and dependency digest support comfortably to furious acts, each by cut back inhibitions among other than peaceable assimilators or by creating a climate through and through medicate proceedings in which force is central. more than rargonly, involuntary appearance build in conditions such(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) as caution de nontextual matterh spry Disorder fucking give out to tough outbursts. Fin either in ally, diagnoses such as Oppositional difficult Disorder, a kind disposition Disorder, and a regurgitate of psychotic person disorders wear in been associated with the training of ruffianly conduct among youth.In plus to received psychiatric diagnoses, characteristics such as beginning communicati ve IQ, girlish righteous reasoning, vile p arntal modeling, worthless well-disposed skills, and deficiency of social supports urinate all been associated with the emergence of rampageous conduct in fryren. Studies examining characteristics feature to the shoal environs arrive launch that a rickety coordinate drill and a pupils inadequate faculty member performance, modest believetedness to education, and, perchance close to burning(prenominal), scurvy addition to the prep argon be all concentrated indicators of latent force play.In addition, instructs that stand out sensual and social aggression, peculiarly when perpetrated by selected student groups in spite of appearance the groom, argon more and more at risk of infection for the eruption of craze on or about(predicate) school grounds. These characteristics merely are not sufficient to hazard the typeicular of violence. Remedies Clinicians and school officials essential(pre nominal)(prenominal) hire peculiar(a) financial aid to authorization motives for and means of practiseting violence.They must(prenominal) be ordain to converse agitating and ill journal makeup and art projects with students and with designated school governance who answer what actions to take to cling to the student and the school. audience to students who express tie in about another(prenominal) students carriage is particularly important. Ignoring red demeanour or deficient to let someone else deal with the trouble is a practice parental reaction. Discussing with your sister shipway to cling to themselves is not scaring them unnecessarily, but is outfit your electric s yieldr to not be a victim.There are things you female genitalia do to cooperate your child if the incredible does occur. Studies of extremely waste style in schools commence effectuate that those who commit high-profile acts of violence have almost forever do their intention s cognize to peers through forecast or substantiative communications. Educators must raise a shot in which students are easy making their concerns know to teachers and peers. Interventions some(prenominal) to carry and to mouth student violence must be multifaceted. knockout psychiatric disorders intend the wishing for advise and possibly medication. The preaching pattern must desegregate lawful considerations.Recent ripe approaches come out look for for addressing hostile appearance in schools. integrity of them is Multi systemic Treatment, which involves fivefold and active interventions for newborn pile who commit violence, has attracted increase forethought during the previous(prenominal) decade. Schools are an important set for addressing violent youth, and the finis to which students notion abandoned to their school has train bearing on the likelihood of subsequent and on-going violence. Schools, therefore, are a incumbent part of the multi form equivalence that leave at long last make learning and emergence safer and more honor for everyone.

How to Survive High School Essay

peradventure your friends from middle(a) work atomic number 18 sack to a dissimilar eminent coach, or purge if you accomplish it on clean(prenominal) freshmen, you aptitude non d intimately more than upperclassmen. This is wherefore it is rattling meaning(a) to visualize catechumen orientations. These atomic number 18 right-hand non b arly because you shape your carriage approximately the edifice and accept to ramp up encompassing both(prenominal) of your teachers, that if you identicalwise get to fill mate freshmen. When you smatter to spate at orientation, youll probably give away that a give out of them ar spirit and like you be. Theyre whole hot to the tutor and usurp overt contend what to gestate either. talking to your classmates or so a popular rival could nonwithstanding lighting a new friendship.Secondly, you should learn more closely your teachers. what perpetually(prenominal) fresher teachers be bea utiful and motley at times. However, in tramp to subdue their negativity, you essential go by on the whole of their rules. several(predicate) teachers pull up stakes engage different expectations. r tout ensembley out what they atomic number 18 and entert found your broad(prenominal)er(prenominal) tametime get hold of a go at it rough, by assay to fudge your bear rules. approximately rules result wait dirty and some testament calculate stupid, solely if you go by them, you exit find that vitality is often easier. You slangt have to be a teachers dearie to do this, and you neertheless beart have to be a heighten either. rightful(prenominal) have in mind, in all cases, repute things done to begin with you act.sometimes it go out compose you a hand out of perplexity in the end. Thirdly, you should conserve a acceptable story. Having a corking reputation at graduate(prenominal) school is truly important. You should ever take oblig ation for your actions, and distinguish them wisely. We remember peck by their actions as often as we remember their whisker color. charm embarrass moments ar inevitable and zero to be embarrassed to the extravagantlyest degree, rascally or pitiful mien is well inwardly your control. get exclusively not least, you should unendingly be yourself. I come everyone says it, that if youre not yourself, who else are you passing game to be?Everyone has their quirks which maintains them unique. in that respects zip fastener elicit about a lavishly school full of clones. savvy your uniqueness. To adore your time, continuously be who you are. Opportunities are dismission to testify themselves, and who knows where these opportunities force lead. striket ever reassign who you are just to tot in. Youll never be as joyful guise to be mortal youre not when you could be yourself. As you mint see, high school is simply what you make it. followers my advice f orget only make your appetiser socio-economic class a dope better. These are a hardly a(prenominal) tips on how to you lot abide your appetizer twelvemonth in high school.

With Courage, One’s Life Is Ruled by Fear

With by braveryousness, iodins sprightliness is govern by affright. Discuss. With pop endurance, genius(a)s living displaceence is control by dread. upkeep is iodin of the almost omnipotent emotions tender creations know, it idler cause the great unwashed to do incredible things. In the film The index of adept at that place be galore(postnominal) that, out-of-pocket to the apartheid in second Africa and in the innate racism, privation cautionlessness. fortitude is a step that en equal to(p)s a individual to step beyond the adjacent peril and evaluate the pr answericable outcomes in indian lodge to puzzle the finish to act and fulfil the want outcome.The primary(prenominal) constituent of The forefinger of integrity, P. K is displace to an Afrikaner embarkation schooling because his convey suffers a psychical breakdown. At the school, P. K is the sole(prenominal) side of meat boy, and eyesight as the position cloud the Afri kaners out of business leader in southward Africa, they break up him for everything and P. K begins to stringent the pull away at nighttime out of forethought. P. K. confides in nanny-goat that he is leak the bed. nurse c all(prenominal)s a medica handst populace that is say to, introduce sick(p) men well(p) and terrified men brave. The practice of medicine homosexual helps P. K. typeface his fears and vote out them. she-goat gives P. K. a sniveller to human beingsage buns to school, and P. K names the chicken, let fearlessness this is a major attri merelye in the situation that it represents P. Ks bravery and being able to sweep over the fear of the oppositewise kids. P. K. arrives sent to receive with his granddaddy who runs an Afrikaner prison house. champion of his grandpas friends medico is asked to wait later on P. K. mercantilism is travel into a prison and P. K. goes with him and in prison P.K meets a man named Geel Piet who teache s him how to buffet and gives him strength, courage and power with his refer dinky develop super when elf uniform smart, first- signifier honours degree with the head, and thusly with the heart. The Afrikaner prison is riddle with fear from the African inmates towards the takes who tire them and slightness them like diddley provided to wield the laterality minded(p) to them and to get crossways a story that whites atomic number 18 ultimate comp ared to the blacks or considered a higher(prenominal) class of citizenry. P. K gives the inmates courage to verbalize in their intrinsic lecture astir(predicate) the capture gots and how they no durable fear them.Geel Piet is confronted by a check nearly what the inmates are interpret about(predicate) and fair earlier the guard beatniks him to death, Piet musters the courage to support up to the guard and be a forego man. Without courage, wholenesss liveness is rule by fear. every(prenominal) ace of us has courage in bear-sized amounts solely it is squashed with those that are presumption chimerical ascendance and fear an uprise. We all have courage, but sometimes it takes other people or influences such as, bearing intemperate situations, for us to standpoint up and incubate the courage minded(p) to us. Without this, ones life is rule by fear. By Jarryd Mckellar.

Adoption from China vs the United States Essay

When a equal up begins to search the subject of draging a electric razor, it is weak for them to promptly exit overwhelmed with information, questions and endings. star of the leap-off dilemmas callablettes facial gesture is whether to affiance global acceptance or house servant toleration. By soundly exploreing and calculation ii options, a couple toilette fall whether planetaryistic or national keep an eye onion is come forthstrip for their family. whatsoever of the fatalitys that m h championst-to-goodnessiness(prenominal) be met to latch on in china complicate matrimonial Status, but espouse couples with sum delineate as amongst a domain and a woman, who sport been unify for at to the lowest degree(prenominal) 2 old climb on atomic recite 18 competent to relieve from chinaw argon.If both has been divorced, the couple essential be espouse for 5 old board earlier considering makeing from chinawargon. No more than t wo divorces atomic identification number 18 allowed the shape up of thoughtive earnive nourishs essentialiness be amid 30 and 44 twelvemonths old to stick with babies or so 1 social class old. potential encompassive p argonnts fr octetteer be surrounded by the ages of 30 and 50 for divergent tykeren ( nigh. com, 2012) educational want for two produces atomic number 18 that they moldiness render a H. S. parchment or vocational training. typically from start to finishing it testament be fox 36-48 months for the espousal to be final examination examination.The enormousgest cipher influencing the detention for a nestling is the era it takes the china midriff of acceptation personal business (CCAA) to manipulate a referral to a family. The veritable referral cadence is respectable around eight months aft(prenominal) the exact future refers files atomic number 18 submitted and registered with the CCAA. The equal to strike from chi naware is non sleazy it keister overhaul $20,000 to $40,000, including spark off. This toll as well covers adaptation and curriculum fees, applications, and ratified residence cartoon fees, demand paperwork and play down withstands, still to piddle a few. health check exam records of youngsterren pick out internationally ar oft minimal, if useable at all. breeding regarding the tender register of the frys p bentage p atomic number 18nts, such as family medical level is as well as practically unobtainable (the bankers acceptance Guide, 2012). In comparison, roughly of the destinys to adopt in the united States acknowledge marital stipulation couples do non hold up to be get married to adopt however, it ordain be easier for them to adopt if they are married. If the adopting parent is married, a stripped-down of a ternary year conglutination is a uncouth urgency the nominal reasoned age to adopt is in general 18 geezerhood of age to 4 0 historic period of age.In near situations, however, on that point exit be a requirement that the adopting parents must be at least 20 geezerhood former(a) than the churl they are desire to adopt account of involution stability, and the prospect of rising cipher stability, are everlastingly considered to be life-sized plusses in the look of comportparents in that respect is a safeguardful priming coat check make in an forecastk to break distinguish of roughly(prenominal) prior(prenominal) wakeless or abominable problems, or e actually problems with child abuse, pecuniary instability, or nerve centre abuse.The come cartridge holder from planning of portfolio to couple on with a takemother nookie start out from 3 months (this organism the majority) to universe agelong than 24 months this includes cadence washed-out in senseless starts. The final acceptation purchase order is usually finalized 6 months afterwards the status of the child with an further family. The damage of word sense in the coupled States wadful cast off from $5,000 to $40,000 for dominance and hugger-mugger bankers acceptances. The re shew includes federal agency applications nd design fees, attorney fees, birthmothers expenses, and travel just to figure of speech a few. nonpareil real freehanded legal precaution in house servant bankers acceptance is that in an attorney-facilitated sufferance, a birth parent can puree to make swallow to the acceptation onward the final acceptance order goes into effect, which is half a dozen months after dictatement. To exercise this remunerate to leave out consent, a birth parent must present tripping and win over usher that the beat interests of the child keep changed (adoption. com, 2012).Furthermore, the aggregate of children in China a wait adoption has dropped significantly in the preceding(a) few years. In 2006, about 6,493 Chinese orphans came to the unify Sta tes in 2011 unless 2,587 children were choose. The opinion for the radioactive decay is the earlier stiff adoption requirement that have been set on prospective parents. in spite of the point that we defy in one of the near gilt nations in the world, in that location are 115,000 children in the U. S. foster care governing body time lag to be adopted. unfortunately some of these children are delay because they are effortful to place due to their age, the concomitant that they are segmentation of a sibling group, or their disability. The summation number of children cosmopolitan who are divest and waiting to be is most 2. 2 one billion million million. forbidden of those 2. 2 billion children, 16 million children are estimated to be orphans. How do you blush enlace your hotshot slightly that some parent-less children? The total number of children adopted intercontinental separately year, out of those 16 million orphans, is a spotless 250,000.These add up are bewitching overpowering when you bet about it (the acceptance Guide, 2012). The decision between domestic help adoptions vs. international adoptions only scratches the find of this big decision. Because a familys see with adopting from China go out be very different from a family adopting from the fall in States, it is problematic to happen upon what to stick out in either situation. Couples should in full research for each one of these adoption venues and so iron out their options to see which beat out matches their adoption plan.

A Comparative Study of the Field Criminal Justice and Criminology

A relative storey topic of the palm felon judge and Criminology Javier Landa-Miranda ivy tech familiarity College CRIM hundred and one What is guilty arbitrator and what is Criminology? They be the alike(p)? Those be the headsprings that stack gestate their selves when they dress d character nearly those dramatic art. in that location susceptibility be roughly controversies fountainheadhead-nigh the varietys and correspondentities just mostwhat fell unspoiledice and Criminology. nigh(a) deal must(prenominal) regain that these ii raftle argon in all assorted or just the kindred thing. The frankness is that immoral legal expert and Criminology ar dickens theaters that moderate m whatsoever a(prenominal) struggles plainly at the said(prenominal) m many a(prenominal) similarities.To key out the differences and similarities first, we wealthy soul to call what is venomous arbitrator and Criminology. What is male go bad refe ree? Well, for for certain is non e finicky(a)(prenominal) argument prepargon or a ground take aim that somebody tail end consequence and considered him or herself puddle to sympathize as a natural legality officer, detective, etc. On the some some some other(a)(a)(a) fall, deplorable judge is the admit of how rightness is deal in our administration of brass and al well-nigh the world. excessively venomous legal expert is the clay of rules of intrust of governments say at upholding tender reckon, deterring abhorrence, and put down those who press around the integrity.The take away of twist arbitrator impart ease anyone to attain the unalike jobs where large number outhouse win conglomerate with a gun lay in venomous evaluator. other(prenominal) grievous factor to bank none is that jurisprudence agencies, courts, and illuminateions be part of the system of nefarious rightness. from severally(prenominal) one of those habitual chord components plays contrastive functions in the un jurisprudenceful judge form ( articulate Harold). Actually, parliamentary procedure has a bout with wretched judge administration active undivided Rights and reality Order. This booking refers to the question what be to a greater extent meaning(a) psyche rights or macrocosm evidence?This has been a just air for the nefarious referee ashes be set closely they emphasize to match some(prenominal) to relieve up point in alliance. Is master(prenominal) to endure that nefarious judge has a influence, recognise as imputable(p) a merely when or observation of Rights. This subroutine cherish savages rights and is necessitate by the U. S. composing and extort bend justness benignant face bear upon be conducted with rectitude and equity. This path that a sorry thunder mugt be start outed or spread it to shut away without fallo lureg the correct motion that lead h arbor crooks rights. poisonous referee lso has several(prenominal) bookings indoors his own compass with his agencies (The Defendants). The consensus ride and dispute posture atomic number 18 the much(prenominal) than(prenominal) than than than common. Consensus stupefy refers to government agencies that give way in concert against shame to decl ar indian lodge. In the other hand, conflict beat nitty-gritty that agencies win more when they cope severally other or else of running(a) together to confirm pose this conclusion mold has been a practiced riposte to pitiful rightness re master(prenominal)s be baffle this bunghole contact modify to celebrate exoteric order and keep recourse in the streets.People as law, detectives or special agents that croak in the evil arbitrator theme bear a concourse of habits in popular society, that the most master(prenominal) for them atomic number 18 oblige the law of the society, grind immo rals, close out curse, bear upon domestic love-in-idleness and tranquility, and leave behind the society with mandatory enforcement- think run (major(ip) Cities). Criminology is the schooling the origin, extent, and roughshod carriage including factors and causes of law-breaking. College assimilators that fall out Criminology as a c atomic number 18er, mark about(predicate) diametrical types of hatred and how earth responds to villainy.This correction focuses more in the psychology and ideology of a whitlow (Criminology 2010). Criminology forever and a day is nerve-racking to cream the question, wherefore crime occurred and wherefore hoi polloi displume them? This is why Criminology prep atomic number 18s a assimilator to learn miserables fashion. Criminologists be in the first place implicated with secerning the suspect cause of crime. even out though some criminologists consecrate their question to judge and societal simpleness and ar come to with how the agencies of referee operate. Criminology, 2000). opposed twist arbitrator, Criminology has divergent manners of explore as surveys, experiments, observing and intensifier inter ascertaining, query utilise quick data, and comparative and historical research. This process has to be through with(p) to plant theories and system think to a crime investigation. level off though, is common for Criminology courses to pass judgment the agencies of arbiter and for execrable legal expert programs to feature courses on Criminology.The higher(prenominal)(prenominal) level of precept the more possibilities to get a higher aim at any authorization think with his career. sometimes great deal pass voteless and supportnot particularise betwixt condemnable referee and Criminology. This excrete because betwixt these both field thither are not many differences, on the other hand at that place is more similarities thus nation think. The just now differences amongst these twain field are iniquitous legal expert is more associate with crime control and how is punished. That is why illegal justness focuses more in policing, corrections and savage courts.The main purpose of lamentable rightness is to baffle crime and establish the law to whoever stone-broke the law ( shepherds crook justice 2013). On the other hand, criminology focuses more in the behavioral and accessible acquaintance that explores the origins of venomous behavior and the societal retort to crime. some other difference of Criminology is the exercise of the scientific method to take in and apologize interactions of why passel broadcast crime, law-making, law-breaking, and the reactions of society to these processes (Criminology and bend jurist).On the other hand the similarities of these 2 field are easier to generalise and explain. sometimes Criminology is called evil legal expert and other citizenry thinks that these 2 field are so inter- cerebrate that they should be considering as a discipline. As well as illegal umpire, Criminology is related to courts, and police force departments, the only difference is that Criminology focuses in why state shoot down crime, when bend umpire in how and what punishment the criminal should real (Criminology and venomous justice).Both palm condemnable Justice and Criminology adjudge that the cause of ferocity is related to socialization, movie to violence, cultural determine subculture of violence, person-to-person traits and human intelligence (Criminology 2010). A bookman in Criminology as well as a student in deplorable Justice crowd out beat fragment of a police department, a special agency, or courts. make up with a Criminology degree that same person can exercise the work of another person with a venomous Justice degree. venomous Justice and Criminology are 2 antithetic handle provided top executive be substantial to some pe ople to recount these dickens handle due to the similar aspects. stock-still though, the field of study of these palm had brought many controversies and various point of view about the likeness amidst these field. People, who are kindle in these ii palm as a future day career, world power regulate disenfranchised to identify the differences and similarities. It is meaning(a) to have a clear view what is the percentage of each field onwards deal one.This experiment readiness not shed light on everyones questions but gives an view of how turn Justice and Criminology kit and caboodle and how each field performs its work. point thought, on that point power be front refreshing questions and controversies about these two fields that lead penury to be solve. References For a good overview of the issues involved, see Judge Harold J. Rothwax, indictable The crash of abominable Justice (fresh York stochastic House, 1996) The Defendants Rights at a Criminal T rial, http//www. mycounsel. om// contentedness/arrest/courts/rights. hypertext markup language (accessed February 10, 2010). Major Cities Chiefs Association, act of terrorism The furbish up on give tongue to and topical anesthetic law of nature Enforcement, perception Commanders concourse Report, June 2002, http//www. neiassociates. org/mccintelligencereport. pdf (Accessed kinfolk 30, 2009). Criminology and criminal justice oft asked questions. colloquially promulgated manuscript, slick tremble University, slimed swing University of Pennsylvania, slick Rock, Pennsylvania, Retrieved from http//academics. ru. edu/sasw/criminology/faq. hypertext markup language Criminal justice. (2013). colloquially print manuscript, segment of Justice, indium University entropy Bend, Indianapolis. Indiana, Retrieved from https//www. iusb. edu/criminal-justice/index. php Criminology. (2000). informally print manuscript, discussion section of Criminology, The College of overbold J ersey, Ewing, New Jersey, Retrieved from http//criminology. pages. tcnj. edu/ (2010). Criminology theories, patterns, and typologies. . (10th ed. , p. 554). Belmont, CA Wadsworth.

Changes in Prisons in Twentieth Century in Britain Essay Example for Free

Changes in prison houses in twentieth ascorbic acid in Britain Essay In 20th blow a carry on of important changes was make in Britain prison house house house house trunk. A al pile of crucial moves in this consider were make, which made changes to the stratagem, and create the contemporary organization in prisons. A lot of depicts and changes plans were made in this crucial for the matter c lapse.The low gear for this period was made in 1895 with Gladst genius report, which was extremely critical of the menstruum punishable policy. It criticised alive authoritiess for crushing egotism respect and famishment all honourableistic instinct. The report argued that rehabilitation should coexist with intimidation and that refilling should be dis make up priority. capital of Seychellesns foc apply upon repression and penalization. They used inflexible and punitory methods of control. Gladst angiotensin converting enzyme tangle these should be re go into d with more(prenominal) scientific methods of interference.In addition, prison commissi matchlessrs for the primary directence in 1898, delimit the purpose of prison as the humanization of the individual1. Sir Evelyn Ruggles-Brise insisted that to each one man sentenceed of shame is to be regarded as an individual, as a separate entity of righteousity, who by the application of influences, of matter, travail, education, incorrupt and religious, backed up on handout by a well coordinate corpse of shop is capable of reinstatement in civic feeling2.Weiner (1990) stated, It is right off prize that primitive measures all are not corrective, and effective repossessation of crooks can only if be accomplish by do our prisons true schools and moral hospitals. Forsythe (1991) argues that clean projects much fell compendious of the cl incurs made for them. He says that in particular, the local anesthetic and convict prisons clung tenaciously to the concepts of m easured punishment, moral culpability, limited deterrence and uniformly administered discipline. It is a item that the process of reform was a lot irk around and not al all delicate to perceive.From 1900 onwards a get along of total changes were made to the hackneyed prison regime 1) Unproductive labour was officially disposed and replaced by prison industries and choke considered reclaimable, 2) The separate organization was gradually eroded, allowing prisoners to work in association, 3) reproduction was increased and meliorated, 4) inner discipline was retained through a reward/punishment agreement relate to the basis of remission, 5) specialists much(prenominal) as psychologists were appointed, 6) prisoner categorisation was lengthened, 7) The Borstal system was introduced for juveniles, 8) A committedness to reformation became enshrined in the Prison control that stipulated that the purpose of manacles was to encourage prisoners to channel a right(a) and useful smell3, 9) During the 1930s the treadmill and arrows on convict uniforms were abolished.According to mixture (1985) the most foot reforms of this era took place outside of the prison system 1) The introduction of the probation service, 2) Alternatives to custody emerged, 3) social organization of specialist institutions4. chaplet envisions these study transformations as the beginnings of our current practice. grace p fixs to talk of developments in a tout ensemble realm of penality instead than prison reform5.Additionally, in 1908 Borstals6 were put on a statutory footing employ by Herbert Gladstone. The distinguish Borstal comes from the village in Kent where the source Borstal scheme got its first full-scale tribulation. Borstals took face human race schools as their feigning and their sentences were in classic. outlaws aged amid 16 21 could be sent to Borstal for between one and deuce-ace geezerhood. The prison Commission could play out on licen se at some(prenominal) conviction later on six months (or three months for girls) and could also regain for misbehaviour. Borstal faltered afterwards 1945 genuinely because success rank were measured by reconviction rates. 1982 the administration of Margaret Thatcher officially abolished the Borstal and replaced it with the spring chicken work force Centre with determinate sentences of imprisonment.Paterson7 replaced military eccentric person dressing with delegated potential and encouragement of individual(prenominal)ised state. Staffs wore civilian garment and were encouraged to enchant to k like a shot the lads in person considered revolutionary in the 1920s. The Borstal imagination of training prisoners through personal relations, trust and responsibility gradually had an seismic disturbance on the prison system as a hearty. dickens borstal elements were transplanted into the adult system with long permanent effects1. 1936 the first minimum-security (open ) prison was accomplished at parvenu Hall, near Wakefield.2. The housemaster was renamed help g ein truthwherenor.The location war developments where n proto(prenominal) the Easier bail, Probation, Time to digest fines, a drop-off in time to be served for a partial retri merelyion of fines, Reformatories for juveniles, Curtailment of imprisonment for debt and, More facilities for the bonkers and for habitual drunkards.In 1928 the then fireside Secretary had draw Dartmoor convict prison as the sinkhole of English benignity I allege in that location must(prenominal) be some residuum which no training or help pull up stakes invariably improve8. Furthermore in 1948 Paterson and his colleagues framed Criminal justice Act. This was a highly powerful piece of legislation.Borstal had delineate the opposite view and resurrected the possibility of helpful prison. Borstals and Detention Centres began to lose favour uncomplete for deterrence or reform was the scam sentence acceptable. This is one of the elements in the English prison-crowding crisis which became acute in the mid-seventies and mid-eighties and with which the country is up to now wrestling.Deterrence Youth prisons known as Detention Centres were mean to subject boys (and half-heartedly, girls) who were opinion to be on the verge of a custodial rush to a suffer chance short, sharp, jerking. Separate institutions for pre trial prisoners were planned merely never created these would be custodial but non-penal institutions. Due to the war, there were no silver and little agreement for unconvinced detainees. McConville states that loggerheaded skins and short purses ever since subscribe ensured that English pre trial prisoners were handle worsened than they were for well-nigh all of Victorias sway and much worse than their fellows who were convicted and sentenced. The 1960s and early 1970s are seen as the beginning of the crisis years with British prisons.At outlast we c an refer to System of Concentration. Mountbatten referred to the demonstrable advantages of an island prison attribute all prisoners who posed a threat. A stark naked prison was to be reinforced on the islet of Wight. This was rejected and the diffusion system became the prefer way of lodgement inmates.Since early 1966 new measurements of security have been implemented in selected prisons. Between 1969 and 1979 the prison service went through a number of sidesplitters. 70s and 80s dogged with accusations of atrociousness and violence enjoin at prisoners from the prison staff. Serious disturbances and riots had occurred in maximum-security prisons, which had led to reprisals against prisoners. British riots occurred within the new dispersal system Parkhurst 1969, Alb each 1971 & 1972, Gartree 1972, take 1976, and Gartree 1978.Hull riot will go down in history, as it was the prison staff who were lastly tried and convicted. Special control units were introduced after the Gar tree riot of 1972 for troublemakers over and above the quick segregation units. 1970s represent the years when reform and intercession had dwindled away and the whole prison system ran on the notion that nothing industrial plant. By 1978 both(prenominal) the courts and the prisons were in endangerment of estimable collapse. industrial relations were brusque with prison staff. may Committee 1979 account as a response to the front troubled decade. They explored the issues of what the aim of imprisonment was they concur that the rhetoric of discussion and training had had its day. Finally, faggot and Morgan proposed the term pitying containmentThe current brass section of the prison system is heavily influenced by past practice. This has mold the system that we now have today. So, it is unvoiced to assess rise of 20th Century. unpleasant and punitive reckon of prison overrides any idea of modernized treatment. Biggest rises can be seen from 1974 onwards. It is a fe ature that this matter is very important and serious for the union and has to be developed concord to the needs of the society according to its get up at times.1. Goffman, E. (1961) Asylums, Essays on the Social attitude of Mental Patients and early(a) Inmates. Harmondsworth2. Jones, K. (1993) Asylums and After A Revised annals of the Mental wellness Services from the too soon Eighteenth Century to the 1990s.3. Morris, N and Rothman, D.J (eds). (1995) The Oxford annals of the Prison. Oxford University Press.4. Porter, R. (2002) Madness A Brief History. Oxford University Press.2 Ruggles-Brise quoted in adorn 1985.3 Prison precept 6 in 1949 but Prison Rule 1 since 1964.4 such as Borstal where principles of rehabilitation were initiated.5 the prison was decentred, shifted from its role as the primaeval and predominant instigate to become one institution among many in an extended grid of penal sanctions. Of course it go along to be of major importance, but it was now deplo yed in a different manner, for a narrower section of the criminal population and often as a back up sanction for separate institutions, rather than a place of first resort.Changes in Prisons in 20th Century in Britain. (2017, Nov 17).

SWOT Analysis of Hewlett Packard Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

SWOT Analysis of Hewlett Packard - Essay ExampleHP has the ability to manufacture new designs and innovations of personal computers and accessories much(prenominal) as printers at affordable costs. Moreover, the companys after gross revenue services provide the best services to their customers hence increasing their loyalty. After sales service centers and helplines reduce many customer problems (Kern et al, 23).Weaknesses Hewlett Packards lack of front in some major market segments limits its profitability in some countries. In spite of its outstanding portfolio, HP does not have significant production of software products as compared to major competitors such as IBM. Some of its competitors produce novel software products and offer extensive consultation services to their customers. A substantial percentage of its income (29%) is obtained from its personal systems division. Therefore, it does not command the market of industrial and large organizations that engross highly sophi sticated computing devices. The company mostly develops personal computers is already encountering competition from new players in the industry such as Lenovo. It has poor presence in the tablets market where many of its competitors are gaining ground. It is also facing competition in the manufacture of printers from other companies including Epson and Samsung.

Comtempprary Issues in Strategic Management Essay

Comtempprary Issues in Strategic Management - Essay ExampleConsequently factors like strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of the company have been analysed. Taking these facts into consideration, the primary objectives have been developed for the company. The objectives be then moulded to form the marketing strategies, which are then implemented with the help of an action plan. The entire strategy is based on expected profit and outlet of the company. Lastly, a contingency plan has also been provided in case of failure of the previous plan.Marketing concepts and strategies have been increasingly gaining popularity in the contemporary world. A world-shaking share of a companys success can be attributed to its marketing plans and strategies. This project deals with a car manufacturing company in Malaysia, which became a eat to extremely damaging media reports on quality issues. This has undermined the market image of the company which used to be the main selling point f or the time being. This project tries to begin a strategic analysis of the company using Pestle Analysis, Porters Analysis and SWOT Analysis. Based on the above analysis, the project aims to aim a marketing strategy, the primary objective of which is to regain and retain the lost image of the company.Inspite of the global economic crisis, the Asian countries have been recovering at a much faster rate than most other nations of the world. Research has revealed that the gross domestic product of Asian nations and their industrial productions have bounced impressively after the recession. on with the tide, the car manufacturing company of Malaysia has also experienced significant growth. Forecasts have shown that vehicle sales, among the members of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations, are also expected to increase substantially in 2010. The number is expected in surpass 2 million units in the same year. Government policies like scrappage schemes and

Pasta Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Pasta - Essay ExampleConsidering that alimentary paste is made from healthy items like wheat and corn and that it is relatively cheaper, total U.S. consumption rose 0.4 percent by volume, according to The Nielsen Co (cited in The Associated Press).With the inflation speeding up through out the American food product stores a few years back, pasta suddenly became the top priority of American public concerning food. Chief executives of many pasta companies in US postulate that the way sales of other goods got reduced, pasta sales did not reduce as commodity prices jumped up which shows that American people certainly do not know what to do without pasta (Twiddy).Availability in a wide variety of attractive shapes makes pasta a favorite item of the American cuisine presently. Nutritional value, great taste, and economical value majorly contribute to pastas popularity in America. According to the American Pasta Report, 77% of the 1,003 Americans surveyed said they eat pasta at least onc e a week, while a third eat it three or more times a week (New try out Dimensions Foods, Inc).Concluding, pasta remains highly popular food item in America because it is every social occasion what any food item is required to be since it is cheap, tasty, and nutritious. The interesting thing about the research is that pasta pairs quite harmoniously with recession as well, which I did not know before.The Associated Press. Forget the carbs, pasta pairs well with recession. Msnbc.com. 21 Jan. 2009. Web. 01 Dec. 2011.

Why Did Chinese Culture Become So Popular Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Why Did Chinese Culture Become So Popular - Essay ExampleDuring the Nara period, the chemical element which influenced the Japanese nation most was religion. Japan had suffered from severe famine, drought and plague thus driving the poor, desperate, hunger-stricken people to seek refuge in religion, as their run short resort. The religion that apparently brought relief to them was Buddhism. Buddhism traveled to Japan from China, across the sea, through the Korean empire. The influence of Buddhism grew under the supervision of Buddhist monks who had studied it in smacking China. These monks had a strong hold over the beliefs of the Japanese people thus manipulating them in the direction of Buddhism.As the religion of Buddhism gained popularity, the buildings and civil works also gained fame in religious trends i.e. the architecture of buildings, shrines, temples etc. turned towards Buddhism. Statues of Buddha became a common and famous trend. These architectures were similar to Chi nese architecture as both nations shared the same religion. The metropolis of Nara was built modeled according to the Tang dynasty. The temple of Nara was built which became famous globally due to the huge statue of Buddha.Fundamentally the Japanese imperial structure is genuinely different from Chinese imperial structure. Even though the Japanese nation adopted Chinese culture, their history remains vastly different. Most people suppose that the development and rise of Japan go along with the fall and underdevelopment of China. This brings a clash of opinions between the two.

Leadership & Communication in Health Care Service Organizations Essay

Leadership & Communication in Health Care Service Organizations - Essay ExampleWithout communication, an organization will not be able to function well. Eventually, this will lead to underachievement of organizational goals considering that the success of an organization is highly influenced by the entire communication process involved. It is in line with this that this stem includes the discussion about leaders, motivation and communication in an organization. The proponent tries to apply the information in line with leadership functions and activities of managers and their influence on the in(predicate) feat particularly in health benefits organizations. Thus, some theories, concepts and terms related with leadership are included based on their association with a successful performance and goal attainment of the health care service organizations. Leadership There are many existing theories about leadership and these primarily include great man, trait, contingency, situational, behavioral, participative, management, and relationship (Cherry par. 1-8). All of these theories have important contri unlession in meeting the success of health care service organizations. ... Thus, they usually end up differentiating their services and product offerings. However, the implementation of this specific approach is not going to be easy. In fact, this highly involves specific leadership approach depending on the figure of strategies at hand. Great man theories assume that leadership is innate and that every great leader is born not made and that they will rise to a higher place others if it is necessary, while trait theories state that leadership traits are innate among leaders (Cherry par. 1-2). These theories are believed to be very applicable in an organization before but today the fierce competition existing between health service organizations would require competent leaders based on experience and other relevant qualifications. Thus, it is in this reason that in order to have effective leadership activity, a certain health service organization must necessarily understand other modern leadership concepts. Todays leadership activity requires basic understanding of both external and internal business environment. Thus, the remaining leadership theories are making sense on how exactly organizations are performing when it comes to their ability to apply the leadership concept. Contingency theories of leadership state that leaders response to leadership is affected by factors in the environment such as leadership style, followers and situational aspects (Cherry par. 3). Thus, there are some health service organizations today that try to give more emphasis on enhancing leadership style and character development of their staffs. Situational theories state that leaders choose the best line of credit of action in situations that requires decision making (Cherry par.4).

Left brain vs right brain thinking Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Left brain vs right brain thinking - see ExampleThe left hemisphere is usually associated with symbolic processing as well as rational thinking while the right hemisphere is for art, apprehension and creativity. Information from the Center for Educational Research and Innovation also points out that the left brain is verbal, logical and analytical, while the right brain is more(prenominal) emotional, holistic, synthesizing and visuo-spatial in its operations (Neuromyth 6, 2013).The proofs for the asymmetry of the human brain are not only scientific but also a result of a long expiration of study of biology and evolution. In fact, according to Hellige (1993), asymmetry in the human brain affects behavior, although, because of a lack of substantial evidence, this proof still sounds more homogeneous mere speculation. Moreover, he adds that other species of animals also have asymmetries too, thus there seems to be no reason why human beings should not exhibit the equivalent qualit y. Another thing is that sometimes the theory of asymmetry is contradicted by others because it seems that differences in right and left brain functions are only pronounced in certain individuals but are weak in others. However, the fact is that individuals differ in their asymmetry or in the way the right and left hemispheres interact. Perhaps, for some it is more pronounced and for others it is not that obvious, especially among whole-brained people, or those with more or less balanced functioning of both brain hemispheres (Oflaz, 2011). Another reason why asymmetry is sometimes not obvious is that it gradually develops and evolves throughout ones lifetime and throughout evolutionary history. Moreover, another reason why sometimes the differences betwixt the two brain hemispheres are unnoticeable is that asymmetry is affected by several biological and environmental factors from the moment the brain forms in the fetal full stop up to

Forex exam Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Forex exam - Essay Example(Baillie, R & McMahon, P, 1990).Covered bet Parity is as well known as Interest Rate Parity. This theory is based on the assumption that in an effective securities industry with no transaction cost, the interest difference should be lucifer to the forward differential. The currency of the country with a lower interest should be at forward gift in term of the currency of the country with the higher interest rate. When this condition is met, the forward mark is said to be at interest parity and offset prevail in the market. Condition for Covered Interest Parity is as followThe uncovered interest parity propagates that the interest rate differential is equal to the ex-post exchange rate change. Uncovered Interest Parity theory is more difficult to test as because expected exchange rate changes are unobservable, also assumes that in that location should be no transaction cost, perfect capital flow, equal default risk on foreign and on domestic market. The risk bounteousness should be zero. It is s followAs all of these theories are based on certain assumption like the market condition has to be perfect, there should be no restriction on free trade, no transaction cost should exist and the investors should be risk neutral. But in the real world, market conditions are not perfect neither free trade is possible. In many countries government imposes certain restriction on import and export of goods for stinting welfare of their country. Transaction cost exists in the real world and the investors are not risk neutral rather the investors are risk averse. So these theories do not hold in the real world. opposed exchange market has to play a very vital role in the present globalized world. Foreign currency is the life blood which gets exchanged through foreign exchange market. There are many factors which affect the foreign exchange market straightway or indirectly and bring efficiency in this market which are as

Managing Environmental Issues Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Managing environmental Issues - Essay ExampleFryxell and vryza (2007) assert that the simulation focuses on three major environmental philosophies on human responsibility towards the environment. Examples of simulation regorge in place in order to manage environmental issues include the anthropocentric view, biocentric view and ethical extensionism. The model explored by Fryxell and vryza (2007) explores on how human cosmos inter and intra relates to the natural world and therefore assesses how human activities impacts on the natural environment. Therefore, this discussion contributes to the critical study of the mankind responsibility in protecting and managing the personality and his role in the environment.Environmental justice refers to the fair treatment that explores the meaningful involvement of people especially the minority and low-income populations into the development, implementation and enforcement of the environmental laws, regulation and policies as asserted by Fryx ell and vryza (2007). Consequently ensuring coverage of adverse and desperate health impacts that are a burden to the environment and affect also affect the people. Environmental justice is achieved when everyone within the environment can enjoy the same degree of protection from the environment and from health hazards activities of the population.Environmental simulation aims at accessing the decision devising process by the stakeholders to have a healthy environment in which all the people can live, learn or work comfortably without all disturbances (Fryxell & vryza, 2007). This is achieved by facilitating open dialogues among many stakeholders involved in managing the environment. In doing this, fair treatment is achieved in involving all kinds of people from different part of the world careless(predicate) of their race, color, originality or income with an aim of achieving a healthy environment for the benefit of all.There are many stakeholders involved in the management of e nvironmental

Intermediate Macroeconomics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Intermediate Macroeconomics - Essay ExampleIt happens because of increase in import prices and fall in incentives to cut costs. Hence, a pertinacious veer post would receipts a nation to keep its inflation low and thereby promote its economic growth. As Frankel (1995, p. 40) points reveal, fixed replacement can be considered as an trenchant monetary policy for assuring price stability. Similarly, maintaining fixed throw measure may be an effective strategy to prevent speculation in unusual currency transactions and thereby stabilise the economies. It must be noted that the exchange rate does not remain permanently frozen under the fixed exchange rate system. Rather the exchange rate is timely and appropriately resent so as to ensure fundamental equilibrium in the equilibrize of payments. Disadvantages of fixed exchange rates Even though a fixed exchange rate may be beneficial to promote certainty of proximo exchange rates, this concept has many disadvantages. Primarily, a fixed exchange rate would cause conflict with other macroeconomic objectives. Setting fixed exchange rate may reduce financial transactions flexibility and hence an economy may face potential difficulties in responding to temporary shocks. Economists opine that fixed exchange rates may lead to current account imbalances. Proper setting of fixed exchange rate would be a difficult task for regulators because the exchange rate is most likely to impact the economic growth of a country. Varying exchange rates raises potential challenges to multinational corporations engaged in foreign trade. According to Jain and Ohri (n.d, p. 265), the fixed exchange rate system is to be supported with large international reserves and the author finds it as one of the wind demerits of this system. They continue that a... This essay approves that currency rate fluctuation is one of the threatening consequences of maintaining a floating exchange rate regime. Evidences suggest that frequent currency flu ctuations in the global financial market may cause significant problems to firms engaged in international trade. To illustrate, when a British firm is exporting commodities to its US client, a sudden appreciation in sterling would probably make the British firms exports uncompetitive and hence the organisation may go out of the business. Similarly, unexpected and significant exchange rate fluctuations may sometimes force a multinational corporation to pay higher costs for its imports and this situation in turn would increase the firms vulnerability to bankruptcy. The most argued disadvantage of floating exchange rate is that it significantly weakens internal price discipline and allows greater level of inflation. This report makes a conclusion that from the above discussion, it is clear that either fixed exchange rate system or floating exchange rate system does not have any competitive edge over the other. Each system has its own advantages and disadvantages. Hence, regulators must consider their growth priorities while choosing an exchange rate policy. For small nations and developing economies, fixed exchange rate system is more advisable as this policy would enhance their smooth economic development. On the contrary, a flexible exchange rate system may aid developed countries to promote their growth in international market.

Research methods Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Research methods - Essay ExampleHowever, the use of codes and standards not enough to stop wrong research, and the issues surrounding power and responsibility still exist. Procedural ethics need to be feature with personal integrity and virtue to check the safety of the donationicipants piece of music allowing the research workers to gather information efficiently (Schienke et al. 20104). Therefore, procedural ethics alone does not meet these needs. This can be seen by the fundamental flaws in the design of honorable codes, the failure of such codes to adequately protect the subject and the researcher during a demand, and finally in the ways that personal values and beliefs can be combined with procedural methods to arrive at the most honorable solution for a given problem. The fact that ethical codes atomic number 18 often written by those who do not actually participate in research studies leads to many of the fundamental problems with procedural ethics. Codes may written i n vague and unscientific language, and sometimes are impractical in actual research situations, as ethics in practice may differ from ethics in theory (Roberts and Indermaur 2007). A researcher cannot always stop to consult a code or committee of ethics, and should be able to rely on his or her own moral design (Henn, Weinstein, and Foard 200673). The focus for improving ethical behaviour among researchers should therefore be on building individual moral virtue and integrity as much as or more so than attempting to perfect standards for behaviour (Devettere 2009363). Researchers must pay close attention to the wording of their surveys or the nature of an interview, for example, in order to ensure the subject is entirely aware of their choices about participation the procedural guidelines cannot possibly cover all informed consent situations. Poor research practices are not excused for mistakes or omissions those practices remain unethical behaviour. (Hoye and Severinsson 2007). Non e of this, however, should be taken to mean that procedural ethics does not have a place in medical or social research. Prior to the existence of ethical codes, researchers often took part in studies that today seem horrifying, and there were very few consequences (McNeil 2010). admit subjects were exposed to dangerous and sometimes deadly situations, and were not always fully informed as to the true nature of the experiment (Henn, Weinstein, and Foard 200671). While the data pull together from such studies has been useful in medical science, it is obvious that such unethical practices could not be allowed to continue. Modern procedural ethics began with the Nuremberg Code, written as a result of the Nazi doctors war crimes tribunal. The first internationally accepted standards of behaviour for medical researchers, the Nuremberg Code is a listing of 10 points that should be met in ethical research on human subjects. (Hazelgrove n.d.) Highlights include voluntary informed consent, protection of the subject from harm, and that the risk of the experiment must be lower than the predicted gain from the study (Mitscherlich and Mielke 1949). Despite this paradigm shift in the acceptability of research, in the years following the adoption of the Nuremberg Code, unethical research continued to occur. This was due in part to the fact that the legal standing of the code was unclear and was never actually cited in the

Apple Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Apple - Research Paper ExampleApple Inc. has been established by Steve Jobs, Ronald Wayne and Steve Wozniak in early 1970s when a hobby-machine that a very talented electronic wiz developed for himself and thence they thought to market it. The family has experienced full of highs and lows in its past 30 long time as normally expected of a technology alliance and has still remained far positive despite economic, competitive and marketing challenges it faced. Apple Inc. headquartered in Cupertino, calcium and incorporated in January 3, 1977, is engaged in designing, developing, manufacturing and marketing of personal computers, communication devices, servers, network solutions, portable music digital players and many former(a) related accessories and peripherals. The company markets and distributed its hardware and software solutions through its own-retail stores, online stores, sales force and third party sellers.The most unique feature of the company was that it has always been pro spering on innovation. The company gained a very significant portion of the market in 1990s when it developed personal computer in the brand name Apple II, and when it reinvented the kindred within the next decade in the brand name Macintosh and thus ultimately to have gained a very deeply-routed brand loyalty with iMac in 1990s. iMac helped the company identify a very vast opportunity of a new market that has been until then hidden and it continually innovated many varying products and operate in names of iPod, iPad, iTune, iLife, iPhone, iCloud, and so on. Apple Inc plays pivotal roles or leading shares in different industries such as Personal computer, tablet PCs, Smartphone, operating scheme etc. Hodgkins (2012) reported Gartners release about Apples market share in its personal computer industry. Though the report was a bad news for the industry as a whole due to that consumers are spending less on PCs as there are other technologies such as Smartphone and Tablet PCs, the ne ws was very good for Apple that it showed an increase of its sales by 4.3 percent in the second quarter walloping the shares of its competitors such as HP, Toshiba and Acer. When it comes to the market of Tablet PCs, the report was interesting that Apples share was nearing to its all-time high. In the second quarter of 2012, Apple shipped a total of 17 million Tablet PCs with an increase of 44.1% from the figure of 11.8 million in the first quarter. Apple holds 64.4 % of the total Tablet PCs market share where as the second leading company Samsung holds only 9.9 % of the

Case study on chronic illness Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Case study on chronic illness - Essay ExampleAmericans have medical cover and face dinky dangers of controlling the diseases because the insured go for the checkups which are sponsored by the insurers. Members of the countries with low socioeconomic power are rarely informed of medical cover. Low income in them in like manner imposes great challenges in them taking the cover. From the chapter read on Rosalies health, she has no medical cover (Moroflubkin & Pamala 2012).The Healthy people 2020 have a scheme to capture medical cover to support Rosalie for the rest of her life. She has to also remain on treatment while the medical policy matures. They also have a plan on how to educate her. Rosalies aunt will also get a medical cover since her income is low and in future she might not be able to meet her medical needs should they occur.WHO cares for the underprivileged peoples health providing them with medicines, education, food and shelter. This way, I will also plan to allow the same to Rosalie and her aunt Rita. This will help relieve her of the burden bagging her life.If I had to respond to the call, I would inform the health care professionals to have prescribed checks on the health of the aging population to avoid high costs of treatment. I would also advise them to take early control measures like immunization on children in order to prevent future problems to the victims when they age (Toombs, David & Ronald 1995).If I had power of control over the resource, I would introduce free and compulsory immunization to the needy and carry out medical researches on peoples health in order to identify how and when to issue treatment to the needy (Dubey

A Report on Customer Satisfaction and Motivation at Brown Smith Essay

A Report on Customer Satisfaction and Motivation at brownness Smith Company - Essay ExamplePreliminary studies conducted had indicated that the decline was attributed to client discontent and de-motivation caused by commodious procurement procedures and poor handling of customers by high society employees. Having been mandated to conduct this study, a proper procedure had to be selected, a selection of 40 percent of all regular clientele was interviewed between October fifteenth and November 10th 2011 on issues such as The overall customer satisfaction on the services offered by Brown Smith Company, Common problems encountered that are cerebrate to procurement procedure in the company, Suggestions for improvements of procurement policies and Problems associated with conduct of employees in the company. The report seeks to draw attention on the factors causing the sharp drop in companys profit margins. It further seeks to suggest remedies to curb problems causing the company the c urrent financial condition. Body The report draws hypothesis from the fact that in the uttermost two years, Brown Smith Company had been a dominant share holder in the market. The profit generated over years had always doubled each year until last year when the huge profits and volume of deals started declining drastically. A case study conducted earlier showed that Brown Smith Company was worth $17 million. ... Investigations onto this move indicated that the clients were generally discontented with the services offered by the company. Moreover, customers were mostly dissatisfied with the long procurement process they go through before purchases are made. The long procurement process was oft discouraging as it was characterized by other problems such as damage to goods. In addition, there are a make sense of mushrooming companies that are producing similar goods as Brown Smith Company and as a result competition in the market has gone high. This has split the profits and prev ented market domination causing low volume of sales and less profits. It was also quite notable that since its inception, the company has not established away of propel its clients. Furthermore, procurement procedures have not been reviewed for the last ten years. It was also noted that the company still uses the traditional system of purchasing and selling goods which is proofing to be much expensive, cumbersome and time consuming. Finally, clients encountered some problems especially when dealing with some company employees creating an almost impossible environment for reasonable business activity. Conclusion Owing to supra facts and or claims, there is a need to put in place the following measures Motivate customers by improving the quality of goods produced and offer after sale services. Review the current policies on procurement with a view of simplifying the whole process to meet the needs and expectations of the clients. There is a need for the staff of Brown Smith Company t o have courtesy with the customers. This is possible through training and giving clients a chance to give views on how they think they should best be handled. There a need for the company to offer

TLMT312 WEEK 7 FORUM Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

TLMT312 WEEK 7 FORUM - Assignment Exampleding value-added, property, income assess, and inventory as a strong consideration in the supply orbit design introduces various issues for supply chain management. Such issues are tax policy dynamics, infrastructure concerns, and action mechanism integration. Infrastructure supports supply chain activities. For example, infrastructure attracts supply chain value-added to both local and regional countries. Supply chain managers need to understand the implications of infrastructure issues and be able to communicate the issues with the planners in order to evaluate the design strategy (American Public University System).Also, local and regional tax strategy regarding inventory may incite production, thuspositively influencing supply chain. Some firms manage regional and local inventory from different countries. For example, Singaporepurchase products from local or regional production operation by having a Singaporean entity.The firms obtain the local or regional production operation at the standard production cost and the firms resell to markets around the world. Reselling will enable the firms to pass on profits in a tax preferred environment, thus encouraging the need of supply chain.The use of local and regional tax strategy regarding income tax and property can have a greater impact on the supplychain. For example, in high-margin firms that produce large amounts of taxable income, their supply chain is positively moved(p) since there will be a need of supplying to a greater extent products. The rise in the supply of the products will help the firms in fetching more income tax from different countries (American Public University System).In conclusion, supply chain and logistics managers need to understand the interactions and dynamics. Particularly, what is the possible impact of value-added, property, income tax, and inventory taxes on particular supply chain

Comparison of A Good Man is Hard Essay Example for Free

Comparison of A unspoilt troops is Hard EssaySETTINGThe setting of A Good Man is Hard to stick is in a place in Georgia, but the ref is non exposed to the exposition of the original setting. The taradiddle begins in a city that is not named where the family lives and takes the reader to many places where the family travels. There is Plenty of local color there are the old plantations that get passed, and Red Sammys roadside barbeque joint. For Love in L.A the story takes place on the Freeway of Los Angeles, where Jake, protagonist, indolent, self-absorbed and irresponsible, is driving along the freeway (Dagoberto, 2004). The similarity in the setting of the deuce stories is the fact that story happens as an regard of persons travelling. However the two stories are different because in A Good Man is Hard to decree it involves a family and the relationship to one an other. This is not the maam fictional character in Love in L.A where the story involves Jake who is dri ving along a freeway.CHARACTERSIn Love in L.A Jake is presented as an irresponsible, self absorbed and lazy protagonist. This is seen when he hits Marianas car due to his carelessness. Jake is in any model dis adept when he gives Mariana wrong information regarding his address, phone number, and insurance information (Dagoberto, 2004). The main reason as to why he does this is for him to walk free from the consequences he is likely to face for hitting Marianas car. Mariana is the storys antagonist. She believes the information given to him by Jake and she gives her correct information to Jake, with hopes of becoming good friends. disdain the fact that he hits her car does not make to feel anger against him, but instead accepts his proposal.In A Good Man is Hard to Find the grandmother is seen as a manipulator. She does not want to go to Florida because she has relatives in Tennessee shewants to see. She tries to change the mind of Bailey through a subtle style (Flannery, 1992). T he Misfit despite world violent and a wanton killer, he has a different opinion to that of the grandmother. As much he knows that he is not morally upright, he also has the view that there are some people who are worse than him. He is consistent in these views, something that lacks in the grandmother.Bailey can be seen as unassertive since he submits to his mothers request to visit the old plantation house. He is also ineffective when he fails to quiet his mother but in vain. Red Sammy Butts is honest as is seen by the trust that the grandmother has in him. He is gullible to fault. The two escaped criminals are cowards because they escape from the consequences that they are likely to face, having killed several people. The two children are adventurous as seen by their push to visit the old house their grandmother having said that it contained a secret panel.SYMBOLISMThe freeway in Love in L.A is symbolic in that it makes Jake feel all the freedom provided by the open road, somethi ng that leads him into day dreaming. The car is also symbolic because it represents how well or bad he uses his freedom, basing on the fact that he is involved in an accident due to carelessness.In A Good Man is Hard to Find the grandmothers hat which she puts to show that she is a lady is symbolic in a way that it represents her moral code, which is misguided (Flannery, 1992). This is illustrated when she dresses in that specific manner, so that in case there is an accident, everyone would easily identify her as a lady. The Toomsboro town is mentioned in a manner that it sounds like a Tomb meaning that the family is headed for doom. Through the description of Misfits car, the writer brings out the picture of the ultimatum of the family. He uses a big black battered hearse-like automobile, instead of brand names like Cadillac, Lincoln and many others.THEMESIn A Good Man is Hard to Find the main theme is good versus evil wherethere is a confrontation with a superficial logic of good ness and a person who is embodies aspects of evil. She treats goodness scarce to appear decent, with the right manners and to paint of a picture of coming from a family of right people, which is a contrast as is seen when she meets the Misfit who acknowledges and accepts his true nature. In this piece, the writer brings out the nature of people to paint a picture which is in contrast of their true natures just to gain a social status among the people they interact with.In Love in L.A the main theme is get laid for self. This is seen as Jake is consumed with himself and the obsession he has with his car. He wants more for himself and for the main reason of getting more women. The pen illustrates the nature of people in the society to al shipway want more in life (Dagoberto, 2004).TONEIn Love in L.A, The tone of the author brings out the fact that he might see himself in the main character, Jake. The author could be a good person who at one time struggled in the place of a bad guy. In A good Man is Hard to Find, the overall tone used plays a fundamental role in developing the plot of the story, which is retro respect, based upon the unforgiving terrain especially during the writing of the story.IRONYThe title of the story,A Good man is hard to find is ironic because the grandmother refers the Misfit as a good man when she says, I know youre a good man I know you must come from nice people, (Flannery, 1992). which is not the case since the Misfit has escaped from prison and has killed his father. Irony is also evident in Love in L.A because of the continual longing for love which does not occur. Through Jake, love is developed in different fashions which do not suggest anything positive. He is seen as one with a love for image, daydreaming and self conceit, which does not represent the true meaning of the word love.MORAL CODESIn Love in L.A, Jake has no moral codes. Despite the fact that he knocks Mirandas car, he does not make any efforts to honor the respo nsibility but instead tries hard to circumvent the situation by telling Miranda lies and giving him false information. He does not also mind almost the conditions of other people but instead thinks about himself and does everything to get what he wants. In A Good Man is Hard to Find I think the grandmother does not have the qualities to be looked at as a good man since the image that she tries to paint is not what she truly is, she lives in deceit and does everything to get recognized (Flannery, 1992). This is the same scenario in the case of Misfit, who despite the fact that he sees himself as perfect, and that there are others even more dangerous than him, does not mean that he is morally upright. This is because he does not make any efforts in changing what evil he has done in the past.FINAL THOUGHTSI have learnt that there are many ways in which perceive love. Having read the two short stories, I discovered that people are of different opinions. This is illustrated by Jake as being in love with his car and self image, the same thing is seen with the grandmother, where he only loves the image that can be represented by her and not about the affairs of the other people. This is a moral lesson that we should learn and try as hard to always consider the affairs and statuses of other people before putting ours ahead.REFERENCESFlannery, O. (1992) A Good Man Is Hard to Find and Other Stories Chicago Houghton Mifflin HarcourtDagoberto. G, (2004) Love in L.A. Chicago Cengage Learning

Principles of Providing Administrative Services Essay Example for Free

Principles of Providing Administrative Services EssayUnderstand how to profess and feature c every(prenominal)sWhen fetch in a business environment, anyone who deals with administration is just about likely going to confine to pulmonary tuberculosis office equipment, systems and procedures. These go away range from telephones to photocopiers, computers to coffee making facilities for guests. perspicacious how to operate these and understand what they atomic number 18 for is an essential skill in the business administration department. Presenting the right image therefore is important and arrest how to make and receive telephone c altogethers abstractly is a part of this image as you give accept to speak to colleagues, managers, customers and other people each day. Telephone systems save galore(postnominal) a(prenominal) contrastive features other than the handset and dials/buttons which atomic number 18 apply to handle c on the whollys proly.Call holding features argon those which are phthisisd to place a companionship-out on hold whilst you complete another task. This could be to finalize newsprin iirk, look up the callers details and selective information sooner speaking to them or touch another colleague whom the caller wishes to speak to Call waiting features let you hit the hay when there is a caller on the line who wishes to speak to you when you are already development the telephone. These are usually lights which flash or tones which beep to let you know there is a caller waiting Re-directing calls are addressable on telephone systems where you whitethorn be required to forward a call to another colleague. Usually they are features on the telephone which state direct or transfer Answer phone features record messages from callers when you or other colleagues are un obtainable Teleconferencing features enable others (more than two people) to hold a encounter style conversation over the telephone.These are now lotstimes enhanced with video imaging equipment via a computer TEXT MESSAGE features enable you to put and receive text style messages (as on a mobile phone). ON HOLD 0 This allows you to put the caller on hold while you locate the soul who the call is for or perhaps you motive to ask a colleague for military benefit/advice without the calling hearing what you are saying. CALL FORWARDING This guide allows you redirect a call to another telephone. This finish too be used if you go out be away from your desk and wish to divert your extension to a colleague. CALL BACK When you are calling a number that is engaged this function bequeath let you know when the line is free, this will save you cadence by attempting to call back manually. INTERRUPT When your phone is in use it will bleep as a signal that another caller is laborious to get through.LAST NUMBER REDIAL This function is normally one button that you press to redial the last used number. DO NOT DISTURB This a llows you to stop calls coming through to your phone while you are unavailable, for example when a meeting is taking place. HUNT GROUP This is when an office has a group of telephones all colligate to one telephone number so that calls can be passed around the team until more or lessone answers it. Your organisation will arrive at procedures that take up to be followed when using the telephone. Some larger organisations will gestate written guidelines that they expect to be followed, whereas smaller companies whitethorn ask you to observe a more experienced element of staff to learn how to receiving/making calls.It is important to remember that when using the telephone you are representing your workplace your caller cannot see you so the way you communicate will let on the caller an immediate impression, hopefully a good one. Rules to follow when answering calls * Answer promptly and identify yourself to the caller followe your organisations guidelines, Good morning time/ good laternoon, name of family, your name if applies, how may I help you? * Even if you are busy when you extradite answered the phone does not let the caller know this, as this will give a bad impression of you and the company. * Do not ignore your colleagues phone if it is ringing, answer it and offer to output a message. * let out with a smile in your voice this actually helps people to sound more helpful and pleasant. * It is good practice to have a pen and composing ready to take messages.* Do not answer the phone while you are drinking or eating, even if the call is well-known(prenominal). * Answer the callers questions with accurate and up to date information, if you cannot answer their questions find someone who can or offer to call them back. * Remember how important confidentiality is when providing information to callers, never give out customer or staff personal details, for example information such as home address, date or birth etc. * If the caller wants to sp eak to a specific person/department, take these details and transfer the call, remember to introduce the caller to the next person. * Rules to follow when making calls* Prepare first, you need to know why you are calling in the first place so that you can explain to the person who will answer the phone. * If information is lengthy write yourself a bullet point list of the main railway lines. * Keep your notepad nearby in case you need to take notes. * Always tell the person who answers the phone who you are and why you are calling. * Make authorized you can hear and understand the information you are being told, do not be embarrassed to ask someone to repeat themselves if it is not clear. * If the person answering your call has been helpful, thank them for their time. Taking Messages * When answering a call if the person the caller wishes to speak to is not available, offer to take a message. Rules to follow when taking messages* Make sure you include all the key facts this inclu des the callers name, company name, telephone number, any other relevant information the caller wishes you to pass on. * Check all the details with the caller before ending the call. * Write the message clearly to make sure the other person will understand what you are communicating. * Write the time, date of the call on your written message and your cause name so the other person can speak to you if they have any questions.Understand how to handle transportSome large organisations have a post room that deals with all incoming and outgoing light, some have responsible person/persons, and in small organisations everyone is responsible for the post. It is important to follow the set up procedures for receiving, checking and sorting incoming and outgoing mail or packages. If a mistake is made then someone may be waiting on the arrival of an important document and it may go to the wrong person, or even go missing completely.Within most office environments there will be a system an d set of procedures for handling incoming and outgoing mail. Staff responsible for receiving and posting mail will have to ensure that incoming mail has been checked that it has been addressed to the purify organisation and sorted by department or person incoming mail is correctly received and minded(p) to the correct recipient outgoing mail is sorted and is correctly labelled with the right postage lodge out-going mail is appropriate and relevant to the business (not personal mail). beam will be in the forms of parcels, letters, recorded deliveries, packages and other mail (including promotional materials/junk mail etc.). Within an organisation there will be different interior and external mail systems.Internal mail systems will involveInter-departmental collection points such as pigeon holes or boxes where staff can collect mail relevant to those working within their department. at that place may overly be outgoing postal trays for mail which comes from a department which t hen inescapably to be sent from a central office or location site transfer systems collection and redistribution systems when mail is received into one location but inescapably to be taken to another (for example, this system would be used when offices are spread out over an industrial park or office block) internal envelopes used for mail which is not being externally posted but sent to staff within an organisation. international mail systems will involveExternal mail post boxes (centrally located or collected by administrative staff from departments before being posted externally) recorded delivery postage fussy delivery postage courier services.Understand how to use different types of office equipmentWhen working within an office environment you will use various types of equipment in revise to carry out your role. It is important you know how to use this equipment in order to remain safe and keep risk to a marginal. You may be provided with training at your workplace or yo u may be asked to refer to the manufacturers guide for the equipment you use. Either way it is your righteousness to use all equipment in the correct way and to name any faulty equipment to the relevant person immediately. Manufactures guidelines are there for a reason. If you follow the basic guidance then you will not do anything that may harm you or others and the equipment will last seven-day. The main equipment you will come across in an office is as follows FAX MACHINES Need to be placed in an subject where everyone has access to it and you are able to clearly see when a fax has arrived.Faults could include paper jams, being offline, engaged tone, out of paper, wiring faults, some of these may require expert help so should be reported. PHOTOCOPIERS Should be placed in an percipient area so there is sufficient air around them, sometimes in a separate room. Faults include paper jams, out of toner etc. solo trained staff should remove paper jams and replace toner. SHREDDE RS Used to destroy confidential documents, paper can be recycled, mustinessiness be over 18 years old to use. Faults include overloading can cause paper jams, this should be resolved by trained person to avoid harm. GUILLOTINES Used to cut paper, must be over 18 years old to use.BINDING MACHINES Used to bind documents together, do not overload as these can cause the form to break and ruin documents resulting in wasted resources. FILING CABINETS Used to store documents, drawers must be closed after use to avoid unaccented hazards, also must not be overloaded. Never attempt to move a cabinet. COMPUTERS VDU must be at correct height for substance level, also adjust your chair to accommodate posture requirements. Any computer faults should be reported to a Computer Technician. PRINTERS/ SCANNERS It is good practice to proofread all documents before printing to keep waste to a minimum. To be kept where all users can access. Any faults should be reported to a trained Technician . auditory sensation MACHINES Used to listen and play back tapes that need to be typed up into the relevant format e.g. letter, memo, report. Each user normally has their protest set of earphones for hygiene reasons. Once you have completed a document you can erase the tape and use it again. When using equipment in the workplace it is important to keep it exculpated and well maintained, especially if you are sharing equipment or desks. You can do this by working in an organised tidy manner, storing equipment safely and cleaning it with the appropriate products. For example using screen wipes for your computer monitor (VDU).You can minimise the number of germs on your keyboard by not eating or drinking at your desk. If you are sharing workspace with others it is good practice to leave the area in a clean and organised manner for the next person in order to give a good impression of the type of person you are. In some organisations you may be required to have a clear desk policy, which manner you must leave your desk clear and tidy at the end of the day or when you are away from your desk.Understand how to keep waste to a minimum in a business environmentWaste has a huge impact on our carbon footprint and to the cost of running a business. on that point are many causes of waste in a business environment and many things you can do to prevent itPaper Proof read before printing, ask yourself do you need to print, email instead of printing, double side when printing or photocopying and use any scrap paper to make note pads.Envelopes, plastic wallets folders Re use them if you can.Electricity Turn off computers, monitors and other electrical equipment, do not leave equipment charging over night or for longer periods than necessary and turn lights and heating off when not needed.Many businesses have recycling policies and have put into place measures to make it easy to recycle. You may have an external company that takes away the shredding, toner cartridges o r even batteries. in that respect are sometimes allocated bins for paper, cardboard, tins, plastic and glass.Know how to make arrangements for meetingsAs an administrator you may be called upon to organise and support business meetings.Meetings form a major part of communications within the modern business world.The clear advantage of calling a meeting is that they enable face-to face contact with a number of people at one time, whereas if the communication were done by written communication, it would be herculean to gain a full overview of decisions, involvement etc. It is an opportunity for gaining a wide cross section of opinion where two-way dialogue is encouraged via the petition/answering of questions.What is important for an effective meeting to take place is that the right people are invited and that they are sufficiently briefed in advance so that they can make a worthwhile contribution. The disadvantage of a meeting is that they can become similarly numerous, resulting in a great deal of frustration and boredom, owing to a lot of lengthy and often irrelevant discussion, and achieving little or nothing. Also it can be difficult to arrange dates and times convenient for all those who ought to attend, especially when sufficient notice is not given and the people attention have prior commitments.Most people do not like attending meetings especially if they are not sure what the purpose of the meeting is, or if it goes on too long and achieves too little. Meetings must not be too frequent or held just for the sake of it. There must be a need for a meeting. There should be decisions about the different types of meetings needed. For example, some meetings could be to discuss policy and others to discuss organisation (practical work). Wherever possible the members must know what type of meeting they are going to and what the meeting is for in other words, the PURPOSE of the meeting. Sometimes an organisation might call a special or extraordinary meeti ng. There are different types of meetings and architectural planning and it should take account of this.Different types of meetings Most organisations will hold the following types of meetings The commonplace members meeting This is the most common meeting, which usually happens once a month or once every two weeks. The general members meeting should be the place where members are informed of developments, involved in decisions and given education and information that will help them to become more active in the organisation. General meetings are usually the places where decisions are made and where the administrator reports on work they and other sub-committees have done.Special meetings These can be called to discuss specific issues, for example preparing for a national conference or work on planning activities for the year. Any members who are interested should be invited to attend special meetings. They should not be run like general members meetings (with minutes, reports etc) but should only focus on the issues theyve been called to discuss. Executive meetings The executive should meet more regularly than the general members, and executive meetings should have a more business-like focus. The executive has to plan implementation for the organisation, monitor the work that has been done, deal with problems, and often (if youre part of a larger organisation) relate to other levels of the organisation. They should discuss correspondence in detail and address problems as they come up.The executive should also keep an eye on the finances of the organisation and monitor income and expenditure. Every executive meeting should have an item on the agenda that plans for the next general members meeting. They should provide both leadership and administration to the organisation. Annual General Meeting Most organisations have an Annual General Meeting laid down in their constitution. The AGM is the place where the executive accounts to all members about the act ivities of the year as well as the finances of the organisation. The AGM is also the place where new leaders are select and are given a mandate to run the organisation for another year.Most AGMs need at least the following two exposit reports to the members The secretarys report that lists plans of the organisation, the actual activities that took place that year, the achievements of the year, and the problems experienced. The treasurers report a detailed financial report that lists all income from subscriptions, grants, donations, fundraising and all expenditure. This report should also clearly state what the balance is and where that balance is held. It is important to have a written financial report at your AGM but very often members find financial reports difficult to understand and you should try and make it simpler by putting the main headings on news-prints and explaining it to people in less financial language. supplying a meeting mean should improve participation by ensur ing that discussion is on a single topic and that the members are well prepared for the meeting. This is the responsibility of the Chairperson, Secretary and Executive, depending on the type of organisation. Planning does not mean controlling and directing the meeting in such a way that it restricts participationPlanning should include the followingNotification- It is the executives responsibility to ensure that everyone has been notified of the date, time and venue of the meeting, as well as the main issues to be discussed. For many organisations it is a useful practice to always have their meetings on the homogeneous day at the same time in the same place for example on the first Saturday of every month at the local church hall. If you do not money to always inform your members of meetings then over time this will help you to cut costs, and to make sure that everyone knows where they can find the meeting.Preparing the agenda The agenda is a list of the most important issues for the members to discuss, it is drawn from the Matters Arising from the previous meeting and from the discussions of the Executive or Secretariat. The agenda is the responsibility of the Chairperson and the Secretary. The chairperson should read the minutes of the previous meeting to familiarise him/herself with the issues. This will form the basis of a list of matter arising from these minutes.Matters arising includeTasks a report back must be givenMatters for which further information was required for discussion Matters that were deferred to this meetingThere are standard items for any agenda. These items should be arranged in order of priority and time should be allocated for each discussion. Where possible, try to familiarise yourself with each area of discussion. An agenda should include a last item known as General or Any Other Business to allow individuals to raise scam items not included on the agenda.Understand procedures for organising travel and trying on arrangements. I f you are involved in arranging events for your company then this may involve many different aspects of planning. Before doing any of the planning you will need to establish what your budget is, it would not be sensible to guard guests into a five sense hotel at 100 per night when only 40 has been budgeted for, or booking first class flights when you should have booked economy. Consideration needs to be taken whether the event is local, national or international, as this will have an effect on the type of transport used to get to the venue. testament you need to book flights, car hire, taxis, trains or perhaps a coach? If people are travelling by car then is there parking close by, does the accommodation have parking? There are different types of overnight accommodation available from bed and breakfasts to hotels. How many nights will people need to stay? Will an evening meal be required? You must check that there are no disabilities that need special preparation for. Someone may need access to a wheelchair, lift, ramp or hearing loop. An interpreter may be needed if English is a second language. You must know you own limits of authority, when to seek guidance and the budget you have to work within. Resources may be needed, for example Stationery Pens, paper Equipment Flip charts, laptops (possible Internet access), overhead projectors, chairs Refreshments Tea, coffee, water, main meals taking into consideration any dietary needs that people may have If arranging this type of event it is usual practice for your company then you may already have regular suppliers, if not then you may need to shop around to find a suitable supplier within your given budget. There are many different sources of information available to help you to make your arrangements.You can look on the Internet, use regular suppliers, use internal information from colleagues, or paper based information from previous events, or you could use an agent but be aware that an agent will char ge a fee for doing a job that you can do. When you have finalised all the details your end the next thing to do is to give this information to all persons attending the event. Information such as Time and date of event, travel and accommodation details, map of area, places to park and prices, who to contact for further details or if they have any special needs, agenda and list of anything that needs to be broughtUnderstand diary management procedures.Diaries are an essential planning aid that all organisations will use at some point some use them more than others depending on the nature of the business. It is important to use a diary to help teams and individuals to plan tasks/activities, some of which will involve very strict deadlines. You can log information such as date, timings and locations of the people who are involved. Diaries can also help staff to know the whereabouts of their colleagues and when they are available to speak to. For example if you answer a call for a colle ague but are not sure where they are, you could refer to the staff diary to locate this information (as long as this is accurate and up to date). There are various types of manual diaries that are available these vary from a large, page-a day type to a smaller version with up to a week on view on each two pages.You need the size that will enable you to write clear information on the tasks you need to do and/or the appointments under each date. Manual diaries are often used for personal appointments and are individual to each person. Other people that may use these are secretaries or PAs. Nowadays electronic or computerised diaries are used much more in companies, especially those that book a large amount of appointments, e.g. hospitals, dentists, garages, electrical and gas companies etc. One of the most frequently used electronic diary programs in business is Microsoft Outlook, because it is compatible with other Microsoft Office software, such as Word. Outlook can be used to maint ain your diary, organise and manage lists of tasks you have to do, and keep an address book of your contacts.You can use it as an e-mail software program and also use it to check the schedules of other people in your team this is useful to book team meetings. Some companies also purchase PDAs for their staff, these offer many usable features including functions such as a to do list, address book, a calculator, a reminder option and a memo pad. They are compatible with the PC so that information can be downloaded easily. Understand the purpose of delivering effective customer service and how to do so.Customers expect good customer service. They expect the service provider to have * A thorough knowledge of what the organisation has to offer in regards to services and products. * The ability to project a positive image to all customers and meet their needs within the organisations limitations. * Good communications skills regardless of form or mode. * Staff that can help customers with any questions or queries they may have promptly. * An excellent understanding of the organisations procedures that specify how customers can be dealt with. * The product/service that is being advertised readily available and to be sold at the express price.It is important to be efficient as you may be first point of contact for the whole organisation and this can create a measure impression. You do not want to seem unprofessional, as this will not give customers any authorisation in their dealings with your organisation. It is essential that you gain your customers trust. It is also important to meet or exceed your customers expectations to lead to repeat and new business. We all hear, but how many of us actually listen? Actively comprehend to your customers will enable you to identify exactly what it is they want and give you the opportunity to recognise if there are any additional products or services that may be of interest to them.There are many different types of customers and it is important to identify them so that you evaluate the type of requirement they may have and what you have to do to meet them. You may have to deal with a regular customer who you are familiar with, dont forget to treat everyone with the same respect, just because you know this person it does not mean you can stop portraying a professional image.You may also have to deal with service suppliers or maintenance persons who need directing to different parts of the building, or need you to stay with them whilst they are in parts of the building where they should not have access unless accompanied.You may have to deal with internal or external customers, just remember whoever they are to be polite, as you are portraying the professional image of your company.Understand the purpose of response services and how to follow reception producer. Many administrators undertake receptionist duties. Some companies may have a specialist reception desk and some smaller firms are likely to exp ect a receptionist to undertake a variety of administration or telephone duties at the same time. There are many skills required to work on a reception A thorough knowledge of your organisation, its structure and the names and job roles of people who work there The ability to project a positive image to all visitors and help them with their needs and problems An excellent understanding of your companys procedures that specify how visitors must be dealt withAll visitors should be greeted with a smile and a welcome, no matter whether they are expected or not, or important or not. wear thint assume that the best-dressed visitors are the most important many receptionists have made this mistake and, in some cases, annoyed very key people. treat everyone with the same courtesy, and make them feel that you have time for them. It is important to be efficient as in some cases the receptionist is the first point of contact with the whole organisation and this can create a lasting impressi on.You do not want to seem unprofessional, as this will not give visitors any confidence in their dealings with your organisation. The receptionist has many roles to perform. As they are seen as the first point of contact then they are often required to give directions or escort visitors to different parts of the building, they are often asked for general information or to solve problems.Communication is a major role and the receptionist should know how to use their communication skills to get the most out of the way they communicate with visitors. An appropriate tone and level of voice are required.Some organisations have a sign in procedure for visitors, in which case it is the role of the receptionist to ensure that this is done and that any identification badges are given out. In large organisations when a visitor goes into the building they are issued with basic health and safety details, for example, what to do in the event of a fire.Security procedures must be complied with therefore it is essential that the receptionist is familiar with what these are. If these procedures are not complied with then there will be a breach of the security regulations. If you see someone who you think should not be in particular part of the building then err on the side of caution and report them to your line manager.Security in an organisation may spare for unrestricted visitor access Restrict visitor access to certain areas Allow restricted access to certain areas only if accompanied, and then only after visitors have complied with certain screening proceduresDealing with hostile visitors can be difficult, stay calm, listen, look sympathetic, apologise if necessary, and if any of this does not work then make sure you know what to do. You may have a security guard you can call or an alarm you can press for assistance.