Answer Questions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

Answer Questions - Essay Example The East exceeded the Romans of the West. The workmanship delivered in this time needed strict undertones. Creature style that was described by creature ornamentations, Carolingian workmanship was portrayed by advanced structure, and Romanesque craftsmanship had leaf embellishments, vaults and bends (Cavendish, 2006). Next was the Gothic artâ that was progressively evolved with nitty gritty artistic creations and figures (Cavendish, 2006). Da Vinci’s Mona Lisa is one that exemplifies the renaissance time frame while Chris Ofili’s No Woman, No Cry is of the new era. Mona Lisa Foundation (2012) contends that Mona Lisa secured renaissance craftsmanship qualities, for example, models and artistic creations while No Woman, No Cry is a tribute to Stephen Lawrence (Ofili, 1998). What basically recognizes Renaissance workmanship from the Medieval craftsmanship is Renaissance workmanship incorporated figures, drawings and artworks that showed the value of nature and individuals. Early Renaissance traveled to High Renaissance through better improvements in the strategies of craftsmanship (Sider, 2007). Da Vinci’s Mona Lisa is a life-changing workmanship while Michelangelo’s Creation of Adam appears to have taken a battle. Italian Renaissance was rich is culture while Northern Renaissance concentrated on Protestant Reformation (Sider, 2007). The Vitruvian Man assumes the job of mirroring the rule that the human body is even to the universe (Da Vinci, 1492). The drawing is done evenly with the figure in a square. Montanes’ (1603) The Merciful Christ clarifies the idea of Christ. The drawing shows Christ on the cross. Bernin’s (1623-34) St. Diminishes Baldachin is portrayed by point by point plan and advancement. Veneziano’s (1324) The Coronation of the Virgin is represented by medieval viewpoints, for example, painting styles. The social and political considered the to be in progress as the specialists were moving with the occasions. Iwan was utilized to check section to an imperial gathering entry while Ijele is a cover utilized in

Money Is Everything

â€Å"Money isn’t everything. † To certain individuals, this is a simple and favored answer. It is a simple answer on the grounds that it’s perfect and it gives trust. In any case, this thought is a typical misguided judgment and is risky in light of the fact that cash is everything. Without the capacity to buy substantial things, immaterial thoughts would not have the option to be sought after. Cash is the thing that assists individuals with enduring and seek after the ideological things throughout everyday life. In this manner, the misguided judgment â€Å"money isn’t everything† is a hazardous and mixed up conviction. Cash is the thing that helps individuals survive.Sodapop Curtis, from The Outsiders by S.E. Hinton, stops his secondary school and stops his odds of landing his fantasy position to get more cash for his family to endure and support his younger sibling, Ponyboy, seek after his fantasies. As indicated by Sodapop, cash is basic for end urance, and without it, life would be extremely hard to oversee. He had dropped out of school since he required cash to help put food on the table for his family and helps his family when required. Cash isn’t an extravagance however a need so as to get by in today’s world, so the possibility that cash isn’t everything is a misconception.The skepticism that cash isn’t everything can bring about obliterating circumstances. A YouTube video, The Homeless Experiment, included a man who did unpleasant in secondary school and inevitably dropped out; he had imagined that he didn't require cash do seek after ideological things. Albeit a few people, for example, Steve Jobs, may turn into a tycoon from dropping out, just a couple really become effective not pursuing cash. Numerous secondary school understudies trust in this misguided judgment, and it might prompt dropping out to seek after a fantasy with bogus hopes.â€Å"Money isn’t everything† is a h azardous and mixed up conviction that may cultivate counterfeit expectations. â€Å"Money isn’t everything† is a perilous confusion since cash is important to get by on the planet we live in today and in light of the fact that it can cause individuals to accept that fantasies can work out as expected without having cash. Cash doesn't accepting appreciation, yet is expected to pick up power which accompanies regard. Cash isn’t everything except for most things require cash. In this way, it is critical to utilize cash and riches admirably.

Writing an Ethics Paper

Writing an Ethics PaperIf you're going to write an ethics paper, it's important that you get your ethics all the way across. This can be tricky when you first start writing your paper and there are a few tips that you can follow.Your personal relationship with God is the most important point in your life. It is not an accident that as soon as you have been born, you're given a set of commandments from your Creator. Your ethics are created by your relation to Him. Your writing ethics should reflect this relationship and that's why you need to base them all on God's Word.You should create one ethics page for each day of your life and then spend some time reflecting on what you wrote that day. At the end of the day, you should go back and see if you agree with what you wrote for that day. If you find that you do not, spend some time doing further reflection on your moral decision. Don't change your opinion or make the situation worse.As soon as you have written what you think is good et hics, you should continue to write more. The more you write, the more your mind will become immersed in ethics. The only thing that can stop you from becoming too immersed is when you find that it's no longer easy for you to distinguish between your personal opinion and the word of God. You will need to move away from your original opinions to where you can clearly see the Word of God. It's up to you how far you want to take it.When you write an ethics paper, make sure that you always use references to Scripture. There is no point in putting your own feelings into your paper unless you have references to it from the Holy Bible. It is OK to put your own feelings into your paper but always take care to use references from the Word of God. Always go back to your sources for further support.If you feel you're being pressured to change your own ideas, then it's possible that you will not be able to write an ethical paper. We don't all agree with others. It's not appropriate to put your o pinion forward on a paper. You should also try to see the whole picture rather than just your own thoughts. Take some time to reflect on whether you believe that what you're writing is right or wrong.Our very life's choices can influence our ethics. Sometimes our choices can be influenced by the decisions we've made in the past. You must decide for yourself how your ethics should be. You should consider your past mistakes and what has happened to you to help you make your own ethical decisions. You will be setting yourself apart from others when you are sure that you understand what you believe in.When you're writing ethical papers, you must be able to allow for the difference between personal opinion and the Word of God. This is the best way to avoid any problems when you're writing your ethics papers.

Forever Typing Use of Fatherhood in “The Kite Runner”

â€Å"The Kite Runner† by Kahleed Hosseini has been deemed a ‘big hit’ by Craig Wilson, journalist for USA Today, selling more than 1.4 million copies, and requiring 17 printings at the time the article was printed, April, 2005. Some have called it a â€Å"certifiable phenomena for a first-time author in today’s anemic book market† (Singh), others still have said â€Å"is about the price of peace, both personal and political† (Hill). Hosseini has already made himself a success with The Kite Runner. Hosseini, in his novel The Kite Runner, illustrates that by being a father, one opens himself to a guilt that can destroy. In â€Å"The Kite Runner† there are many fathers we introduced to : Baba, Rahim Kahn, Ali, and eventually, the narrator, Amir. However, I†¦show more content†¦When Rahim Kahn tells Amir â€Å"There is a way to be good again†, he is not only referring to Amir’s sins, but his own as well (Hosseini 2). There is a way for us to redeem our sins. This is especially important to Rahim Kahn, who is also dying of a disease that is not named. This disease parallels Baba’s cancer in that is also symbolic of the guilt that Rahim Kahn has amassed over the years by being a father to both Hassan and Amir. The last father I will speak of is Amir. Amir is main narrative voice for most of the novel and thus serves as out storyteller. As we read â€Å"The Kite Runner†, it is in his narrative voice that we watch him grow from child to adolescent to adult to a father. The significance of this is that we don’t have that luxury for any of the other characters. There is a definitive change in tone from when Sohrab is going to live with Betty Caldwell and when Amir decided to take him to America. The tone becomes darker, more driven, as Amir had made a choice to take in his half-nephew. But this new tone also opens Amir up to the feelings of guilt and self-blame that occurs when Sohrab attempts suicide. Perhaps it was this tone that Baba and Rahim Kahn held inside their own personal monologues for so long. Another reason was Amir’s narrative voice is so significant is that Amir decides when

What Causes The Causes Poverty Essay - 1164 Words

Essay1 What Causes Poverty? Everybody is wondering why people are suffering from this kind of global issue? It is a severe case that takes over the world and kills the victims whom suffer from it. We should first know that this situation can be enhanced during the time. Undoubtedly it is poverty which is a state of being extremely poor. Subsequently, it is one of the most unsolved issues today. It leads into a bad condition. So, there are three major points that causes this situation. First, the lack of skills causes poverty. Plenty of people have a big problem with unemployment. They are looking for a job to afford their priorities and requirements. For example, if the person wants to enroll himself to that job, he should bring on his background qualities and his qualifications but unfortunately not everybody can pass on this interview because some of them don’t have the enough necessities of that job; the poor education is the main reason that makes them unemployed. Furthermore, th e fear of showing cleverness. Many people are scared to fail. They don’t want to show their talents on job because they think that the people may tease their abilities and it could worse their life. You can find others are not believing on themselves so that may affect them in the future because the first role before applying for a job is to believe in yourself to achieve more. Also, they could be not educated. We have this issue that some are not well educated because they have familyShow MoreRelatedWhat Is The Cause Of Poverty?959 Words   |  4 PagesWhat is the cause of Poverty? In this paper I will discuss the causes for those below the poverty line in America set by the census bureau and how we might begin fixing them and how they are already being fixed. I believe these issues are able to be helped but they need to be clarified and addressed properly. Currently in America there are 46.2 million people currently listed as impoverished according to the Census Bureau. As such first we need to look at the causes for poverty for nationally. InRead MoreWhat Are The Causes Poverty?1745 Words   |  7 PagesWhat are the causes of poverty? There are many causes of poverty. The countries with extreme poverty have a lack of access to not only the proper foods, but health services and education as well. These countries also show a lack of inclusion, as many of the world’s poorest people do not receive any representation in the economy or in politics. The lack of education and representation creates an issue of mobility. Poverty is one of the most controversial topics that the governments have to deal withRead MoreWhat Are the Causes of Poverty in P hilippine Economy?4902 Words   |  20 PagesWhat are the causes of poverty in Philippine economy? I.INTRODUCTION : One of the major problems that continue to plaque the Philippines is poverty. Despite the said efforts of both government and business firms many Filipinos remain in need. It is not a simple problem because now days we are facing mass poverty. For all the magnificent testimonies to man’s superior skill and intellect in producing today’s level of cultural development, he still has to find the solution to mass povertyRead MoreWhat Are the Causes of Poverty in Philippine Economy?4887 Words   |  20 PagesWhat are the causes of poverty in Philippine economy? I.INTRODUCTION : One of the major problems that continue to plaque the Philippines is poverty. Despite the said efforts of both government and business firms many Filipinos remain in need. It is not a simple problem because now days we are facing mass poverty. For all the magnificent testimonies to man’s superior skill and intellect in producing today’s level of cultural development, he still has to find the solution to mass poverty. WhetherRead MoreWhat is child poverty, its key causes and impacts?800 Words   |  4 PagesWhat is child poverty, its key causes and impacts? In the introduction of this essay we will be looking at ‘what is child poverty?’ Poverty is often associated with the third world and developing countries where death from starvation and disease is the outcome. This kind of poverty is rarely seen in the UK though. Child poverty is unfortunately a result of adult poverty with Child poverty having lifelong consequences. There are 3.5 million children living in poverty in the UK today, that’s 27Read MoreWhat Is Child Poverty, Its Key Causes And Impacts?1054 Words   |  5 PagesWhat is child poverty, its key causes and impacts? When the average person, who lives in the UK, thinks about child poverty, the first picture, which comes to their mind is some extremely poor country in the middle of Africa, where families live to survive on a daily basis. Meanwhile, here, in the UK, nearly four million children, which makes 30 per cent of the whole child population, are living in poverty (End Child Poverty, 2014). Poverty is an important issue for whole of society, and it mayRead MoreWhat is child poverty, its causes and impacts? Essay1057 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿What is child poverty, its causes and impacts? The word poverty means being poor. This means luck of capital in both income and wealth. However they also suffer from education and good health. Families and groups in the population can be said to be in poverty. However people who are in poverty will have fewer opportunities like others and less chance to participate in the community. Therefore we help those children by fundraising, to transform UK’S more vulnerable children. There are certain peopleRead MoreWhat Are the Causes and Effects of Poverty in the United States?2655 Words   |  11 PagesWhat are the Causes and Effects of poverty in the United States? Jose Flores Blackstone Academy Charter School Are all Americans grateful for the things they have? What if Americans do not to have the proper basic needs? Many Americans do face this situation and it is called poverty. The top three causes of poverty in United States are lack of education, unemployment and the high cost of health insurance. Americans can overcome the high rate of poverty and alleviate their strugglesRead MoreCauses And Consequences Of Poverty1349 Words   |  6 PagesCauses of Poverty Poverty is always a topic of debate. Do you believe that people are born, inherited, forced, or choose to live in poverty? I have heard that people make wrong choices in life and end up living a life in poverty. I heard that people inherit debt from other family members to help out, but end up losing it all themselves and I heard people blame the government for not helping those in need. There’s many excuses and people to blame for the failures of such a large issue. The questionRead MoreThe Mother of Revolution and Crime Is Poverty1504 Words   |  7 PagesThe mother of revolution and crime is poverty Poverty is being without things, having little money, not many material possessions and in need of essential goods. In short, being poor means that the people have nothing, and they have to struggle to even survive everyday. After physically and mentally tortured for a long period of time due to poverty, evil thoughts of getting out of the vicious cycle through illegal ways or new ideas that they think that will improve their lives will gradually start

Addiction The Problem Of Addiction - 939 Words

The amount of damage that addiction brings into people’s lives can be staggering. Society’s perspective of addiction can either help or hinder the problem. Some addictions are seen negatively by society while others are not recognized as harmful. Some perspectives view the issue moralistically, creating shame regarding the problem. This approach is rarely helpful when dealing with the problem of addiction. Psychology, through a biopsychosocial model, attempts to offer a scientific perspective. This approach provides a positive perspective to deal with the issue of addiction. In addition to the biopsychosocial model, a Christian (rather than moralistic) perspective offers a solid framework with which to address the issue of addiction. How society views addictions and treats individuals with addictions can have a strong influence, either positively or negatively, on our own perspective. What other people think informs and influences our own opinions. Within religious communities, alcohol addiction is often viewed from a moralistic perspective. A perspective, as described by Leshner (1997), that views addicts as, â€Å"weak or bad people, unwilling to lead moral lives† Addiction is a brain disease and it matters (as cited in Williamson, 2012, p. e6). A negative view of addiction could prevent those struggling with addictions from admitting there is a problem and seeking help. Williamson (2012) notes that an unwillingness to seek treatment may â€Å"be rooted in the widespread desire toShow MoreRelatedAddiction : The Problem With Addiction1222 Words   |  5 Pagesto treat addiction, it is important to first understand why addiction occurs. Often, there is a misconception on what steps need to be taken to de al with addiction, and what factors increase the propensity of addiction in the first place. The different models of addiction aim to clarify and justify reasons why addiction occurs both physiologically and psychologically, as well as provide plausible solutions to stop addiction. Although the models all contain differing view on why addiction occurs, andRead MoreAddiction : The Problem Of Addiction1705 Words   |  7 PagesAddiction A crisis that many communities in Georgia are experiencing is addiction. A large substance that is currently being abuse is methamphetamine. Methamphetamine can be smoked, snorted, injected, taken orally and dissolved in liquids. The most common use is smoking and injecting the drug because of the immediate reaction it has on the body. It is highly addictive and has repeated patterns of binges and crashes with the individual constantly trying to reproduce their euphoric high. A recentRead MoreAddiction : The Problem Of Addiction Essay829 Words   |  4 Pagescatastrophic consequences of addiction. While the addict deals with the consequences of addiction, your struggles are just as important and deserve attention. Here are ways to help you cope with the stress of dealing with the addict: Expand Your Knowledge of Addiction. Topics Covered in the Next Several Chapters Include: †¢ Why and how addiction develops. †¢ Why addicts continue to use despite the mounting problems addiction causes. †¢ The medical, social or legal consequences of addiction. †¢ Healthy ways forRead MoreThe Problem Of Addiction And Addiction1387 Words   |  6 Pageshave an addiction. The feeling of always wanting more just to be satisfied. Addiction is the result of a person who is consumed by a substance involved in an activity that is pleasurable. Drinking and shopping are two types of severe addictions and people do not realize it until it is too late. Addiction comes in various forms and it takes a while to realize what type of addiction a person could have. It tends to affect a person either physically or emotionally. A physical addiction causesRead MoreAddiction : The Problem Of Addiction1798 Words   |  8 PagesAddiction I am the solution to my problem â€Å"The truth is most families discover is that no one can cure another person’s addiction. Only addicts can do that for themselves.† The textbook definition of addiction is a persistent, compulsive dependence on a behavior or substance. Some researches speak of two types of addictions; substance addictions (such as alcoholism, drug abuse, and smoking) and process addictions (such as gambling, spending, shopping, eating, and sexual activity. Users that areRead MoreAddiction : The Problem Of Addiction900 Words   |  4 Pagescan be true of any addiction and it is problematic for our society. Addiction is on the rise in our country and it is quickly becoming an epidemic. The reason for the rapid rise is due, in part, to the fact that many children are following in their addicted parents’ footsteps. The future of our country is at risk as more youth turn towards drugs and alcohol. The government should implement programs that support addicts and their childre n in order to stop the cycle of addiction. Children whoRead MoreThe Problem Of Addiction And Addiction764 Words   |  4 PagesThis ted talk was phenomenal it made me really think of how we react to addicts, addiction issues, and related topics. Johann Hari, did a great job of explaining the current methods of handling addiction from many perspectives, such as political and societal. His journey within his own family took him all over the world to find the answers he wanted to know for himself and I think this was an inspiring investigation. I believe it is important to investigate as much as possible when you are lookingRead MoreAddiction : The Problem Of Addiction Essay1198 Words   |  5 PagesAddiction Students stroll in to class, their Venti iced soy vanilla lattes in hand rather than a notebook and pen. Keurig coffeemakers are commonplace in college dorm rooms. Colleges boast the number of Starbucks shops they have on campus. Just a month into the school year, and already many students’ bodies are becoming tolerant to caffeine, needing more and more of it to achieve the desired boost of energy, and if not given their fix, rebelling by causing headaches and irritability. Could itRead MoreAddiction : The Problem Of Addiction Essay1352 Words   |  6 PagesNot very many people understand why addiction brings out the worst in others, they only see what they are doing, not what the addiction is doing to them. It must be understood that it is a journey to overcome addiction. Some do not want to overcome it, but they will be better off. Everyone has an addiction to take the pain away, and not everyone realizes that they are addicted because addiction creates a false euphoria, but in reality, it is a nightmare. Addiction is an unusually great interest inRead MoreThe Problem Of The Addiction1179 Words   |  5 Pages The term addiction has been perplexing psychologists and humanity for many years. Normal people can’t seem to grasp what truly drives addiction and what addicts themselves go through on a daily basis when dealing with it. Hence, society has produced such a negative connotation associated with the term addiction such as cravings, compulsions, and dependence, that the true meaning of the term has been lost, and with it, its solution. People seem to believe that an addict is a lost cause, forever to

A Report on Educational Leadership and Administration

Question: Describe about a Report on Educational Leadership and Administration? Answer: Introduction: This report aims at giving an insight into the concepts of educational leadership and administration. It provides us with some key differences amidst educational manage and that of management of other forms of organizations. It also focuses upon some of the factors that affect educational leadership or management along with key identities with respect to focus on community, type of leadership, learning processes, cultural influence, and that of social justice. It highlights upon the possible challenges of the educational management or leadership. The report discusses about the various factors responsible for effective management and administration. Managing and administration of education is quite different than that of other organizations. The corporate values which are assigned by academic institutions are being compelled to take up on a frequent basis by the external means such as trustees often result in improper fit within the institutional environment. Various types of leadership practices exist, such as strategic, operational, and distributive. An effective leader is expected to develop a vision and also inspire others including students. The leaders are also required to create favorable climate to bring about positive changes. Concept and Significance: Educational leadership plays a crucial role within the transformation of society, and to bring about change effective leaders are key identities. Apart from the belief that leadership qualities make considerable difference to educational institutions and that of student outcomes, there is recognition as per which effective educational leaders as well as managers need to be developed for providing best educational facilities to their learners. Innovative leadership positions have particular scopes of accountability. They may aim at fulfilling temporary or permanent need. Although the management and administration concepts are similar for all organizations and administration, yet some differences exist amidst educational management and that of other organizations. Management and Administration of Education: Managing and administration of education is quite different than that of other organizations. The corporate values which are assigned by academic institutions are being compelled to take up on a frequent basis by the external means such as trustees often result in improper fit within the institutional environment. Traditional systems strongly favor individuality, creativity, and also heterodoxy. They value freedom of action highly. Independence is valued more than accountability. Introducing institutional norms which emphasize hierarchy, discipline, and team loyalty is quite difficult not because these are not worthwhile values, but because these are not considered to be significant for teaching. Differences between educational management and other management: The major differences between educational management and that of other managements are as follows Resource allocation suggests the availability of educational professionals and also sufficient time for meeting the standards of students. Scheduling enables educational professionals to have adequate time for providing instructions as well as interventions required by the students. On the other hand in any other organizational management, resource allocation refers to optimum utility of various resources like human resource, funding, materials, etc. Being the key leader, educational principals are required to share their leadership with educational professionals for promoting reflection as well as collaborative investigation for improvement of learning processes. But in other organizational management, CEO or the key employer acts as the leader. Managing and administration of education is quite different than that of other organizations. The corporate values which are assigned by academic institutions are being compelled to take up on a frequent basis by the external means such as trustees often result in improper fit within the institutional environment. Factors of Educational Leadership or Management: As per Boscardin effective leadership starts with increased knowledge of the instructional environment, such as needs of individual students, strengths as well as weaknesses of staffs, student information and schedules, and matters of instructional programs. Researchers who aim at exploring the qualities of effective educational leadership often start with the knowledge of leaders regarding the students. By creating a data-driven acknowledgement of students, institutional management and higher authorities can inform their decisions relating to resource allocation, professional development, scheduling, and funding and procurement. Professional development means the significant enhancement in the capabilities of educational professionals so as to minimize skills gap of the students. Funding and procurement refers the way characteristics of the population of the student affect the availability of funding sources and also the manner of allocation of budget. All leaders who are increasingly effective have potential knowledge of instructional and educational tools that are available for addressing the needs of the students. This is applicable in several cases such as team-oriented approach for researching as well as vetting research-proved processes which address particular needs. On account of increased availability of educational programs of management, often institutional leaders rely upon their team members for continuous research as well as sharing of information regarding innovative methodologies. Once an effective program has been chosen, it is obvious that institutional leaders develop a deeper understanding of programs for ensuring fidelity of implementation, driving behavior through proper levels as well as ensuring educational professional avail themselves thoroughly of the training regarding professional development. Leadership: The first and the foremost requirement for positive changes within educational practices is leadership. Various types of leadership practices exist, such as strategic, operational, and distributive. An effective leader is expected to develop a vision and also inspire others including students. The leaders are also required to create favorable climate to bring about positive changes. It is also important to share leadership responsibilities across the institution. Type of Leadership: Strategic leadership The leaders at educational institution are required to inspire teachers for change of practices. The leadership practices must set out realistic vision whereby they would understand the need for innovation and related contribution. All educational leaders have to take ownership of issues, provide support as well as guidance when needed. Operational leadership Apart from vision, it is necessary to realize the practical change by determining the required activities. This would involve the need for right culture for learning, encouraging and sustaining innovation. A favorable climate means whereby leaders manage as well as organize perfect opportunities. Distributive leadership The higher authority as educational institution will be responsible for productive changes but would not be the sole drivers. They would be facilitating various changes. Necessary Changes in the Educational Leadership/Management: One of the most important emphases within educational field during the early twenty-first has been the rising demand for increased accountability for increasing the performances of the students. National as well as state expectations demand all educational institutions to facilitate achievements of curriculum objectives of best practices. So, increased efforts within educational management have paved the way for educational leadership by higher authorities. For meeting key challenges related various expectations of improvements, especially in term of progress of students, effective strategies are required in learning field. Accomplishment important improvement efforts demand for collection as well as assessment of relevant data for determining needs and also monitoring performances for further changes. Some of the changes that are desired within educational leadership and administration are: Developing and sustaining a vision A proper and definite vision is very much important for successful accomplishment of undertakings. Creation of distinct goals enables the leaders to guide the team members in a planned manner. A proper vision states the desired objectives to the leaders and their team members, and also ensures that educational programs are accomplished in a timely and effective manner. Clear goals also avoid unnecessary complications or wastage of time on useless undertakings. Organizational vision enables all stakeholders to follow certain objectives and standards and abide by it thoroughly to achieve better outcomes. Sharing of Leadership Distribution of leadership across educational institution and giving leadership succession are indispensable towards success of educational institutions. Leaders are greatly responsible in influencing others to have a better understanding of what needs to be incorporated and in what manner. The entire process demand for facilitation of individual as well as shared efforts for accomplishing common goals. Tapping expertise of leaders The educational management is required to utilize the best available resources within the educational institution. Various stakeholders are associated with varied qualities and skills. Being the key leader, educational principals are required to share their leadership with educational professionals for promoting reflection as well as collaborative investigation for improvement of learning processes. Principals who effectively tap into the expertise of professionals throughout all processes achieve greater focus of all stakeholders to transform educational improvements. Collaboration Collaboration refers to the cohesive association of all stakeholders of the organization such as educational professionals, students, guardians, principals, and staffs. The principal is the key entity to bring about successful collaboration amidst educational stakeholders. Learning Community The educational professionals and most importantly the principal authority needs to be the role model for learning and seeking for continuous growth and improvements. Since the functions of educational parameters are fixed, the educational leaders need to manage the processes as well as structures of the institutions. Effective use of data for decision-making Several elements of educational improvements often stress the significance of data-driven making of decisions. In the present scenario, educational institutions must gather data related to demography, instruction, demographic, and perceptual information for improving the processes of learning. For instance, data is collected for diagnosing learning of students and prescribing interventions which would support learning of students in need. Initially it is important that principals employ information-collection processes for determining staff as well as student needs. Monitoring instructions It is important that higher authority of institutions support activities as well as programs by means of modeling-related behaviors, engaging in staff development, and also prioritizing processes. Also, educational professionals are required to focus on the achievements of students. They need to develop instruction as well as promote reflection regarding instruction and its impact upon individual achievement. Influence of Culture: In the given article of Gender and Education by Vincenza Priola it has been depicted that gender dimension of institutions is seen as fundamental to determine all activities and processes. It lays stress on the fact that gendered positions of some organizations influence the creation as well as negotiation processes at the workplace. In fact, women managers within organizations face troubles attributed by the demand for shaping the positions of women in traditional roles pre-occupied by men. Commonly, women have always been fighting against a masculine culture even in the managerial and administrating processes of educational institutions. According to the article, the number of females within the managerial roles may rise but not necessarily cause changes in practices. Work practices are often influenced by the dominant culture. It has been rightly stated in the article that academic profession has exhibited resistance towards cultural changes as well as position of women within edu cational institutions. As per Miller the most common feature of management at educational institutions is not only dominance of men but also their organizational styles. The concept of gender dimension within organizational life leads to assessment of fit that relies on male profile and not female profile, along with negative outcomes for perceptions of suitability of women for positions of managers. As per Whitehead () shifting of culture of educational learning to a more entrepreneurial as well as managerialist culture can lessen the equality of scopes and strengthen the gendered culture, thereby favoring men who adopt more aggressive approaches towards management. This may lead to even more tensions for women who aim at becoming managers even in masculine culture of organizations. Strategic view of educational institution: Once confronted with increased differentiation as well as faster change in environment, educational institutions should act more deliberately as well as purposefully. Strategic action needs an increased level of central steerage as well as unity at organizations to overcome the weak central governance as well as collegial form of decision-making. For implementing strategic objectives, post-bureaucratic management applies key tools: effective allocation of resources depending upon internal rivalry, and also contracts as well as performance reviews. This often replaces the age-old process of bargaining amidst departments as well as central administration whereby departments used double strategy of vows. On the departmental level, data necessary for making informed decisions often prevails within scattered paper files as well as tacit knowledge of long-serving administrators. To address various problems, certain authorities are assigned for important purposes. So the most significant part of strategic behavior within the academy is the entire process of planning as well as reflection. As depicted in the article by Meyer proponents of innovative managerialism within educational field argue that the techniques of managers are essential for responding to the demands of an effective environment along with enhanced level of uncertain ty. Meyer has argued that continuous changes within educational management are effectively understood as examples of key organizational learning with respect to the limitations of bureaucratic institution within turbulent environments. On account of increased availability of educational programs of management, often institutional leaders rely upon their team members for continuous research as well as sharing of information regarding innovative methodologies. Once an effective program has been chosen, it is obvious that institutional leaders develop a deeper understanding of programs for ensuring fidelity of implementation, driving behavior through proper levels as well as ensuring educational professional avail themselves thoroughly of the training regarding professional development. Educational Management and forms of decision-making: While the modern managerialism distinctly needs increased capacity of central steering, potential strengthening of institution at higher level should be balanced by increased discretion as well as entrepreneurialism at operational level. In a way, strength at the top level should be matched with new spirit of management at department level. Here, this concept raises issues regarding viability of age-old collegial institution techniques of governance. Once confronted with increased differentiation as well as faster change in environment, educational institutions should act more deliberately as well as purposefully. Strategic action needs an increased level of central steerage as well as unity at organizations to overcome the weak central governance as well as collegial form of decision-making. From the point of learning-oriented institution, process of collegial decision-making shows many characteristics shortcomings: Collegial management refers to management by committee. The committees act more like law courts which does not become active unless outside events compel. These generally adjudicate issues. The operational unit under the respective administration is the single faculty members. The decision mode of collegial management aims at identifying smallest common denominator amidst individuals, and not responding towards situational challenges. Professional Knowledge Understanding: This factor points out the complex knowledge as well as understanding of educational thoughts as well as developments within society, learning and education that demands for successful leaders. With respect to teaching and learning, leaders often indulge critically in knowledge as well as understanding of research including that of developments in arena of learning for ensuring applying of different development techniques to enhance learners outcomes. With respect to education policy, leaders utilize their acquired knowledge within educational policy for supporting academic developments. Leaders are always on the process of applying their effective knowledge for enabling contemporary societal developments, environment, digital technologies, and global community as a whole. Leaders always seek for enhancing their knowledge and practice contingent leadership styles that suit various situations. Leaders are responsible for developing self-awareness by reflecting upon their own practices and processes. They aim at building and maintaining own credibility by means of modeling commitment towards professional learning, and also integrating ethical practices within culture with trust as well as respect. Leaders at educational management act as role models for other entities for encouraging sustainable developments of effective leadership qualities. Leaders motivate positive relationships with various stakeholders such as students, staffs, partners, parents, etc. Leaders possess increased understanding of various dynamics of political power as well as influence of link between students and society. They take up the responsibility of reflecting true commitment towards management and administration of educational organizations. They are greatly responsible in communicating effectively with various individuals and most importantly the students so that they feel motivated to abide by the organizational rules. Critical Reflection: A significant part of the innovative leadership department is the development of teamwork. Instead of bringing decisions to ultimate central authority, leaders of managerial department need to ask different work groups for exploring issues, developing scenarios, building cases, and thereby leading to effective actions. The leaders at departments need increased support from staff. For researching issues, managing as well as analyzing data, maintaining public relations, and hosting various activities, the central department would need frequent support from staffs. A favorable potential environment would ensure steady availability of effective leadership qualities. With respect to education policy, leaders utilize their acquired knowledge within educational policy for supporting academic developments. Leaders are always on the process of applying their effective knowledge for enabling contemporary societal developments, environment, digital technologies, and global community as a whole. Leaders always seek for enhancing their knowledge and practice contingent leadership styles that suit various situations. The factors that have been identified in the management and administration of educational are also to be considered in cases of organizational management. Educational management and leadership encompass certain factors that may even be applied to other organizational management. Educational leadership is essential for effective functioning of educational institutions since a definite practice is to be conducted for ensuring thorough effective functioning of organizations. Various stakeholders are associated with varied qualities and skills. Being the key leader, organizational managers are required to share their leadership with other professionals for promoting reflection as well as collaborative investigation for improvement of organizational deliverances. Conclusion: To conclude from the report, it may be confirmed that various factors are existent in the educational administration and management. The leaders are also required to create favorable climate to bring about positive changes. It is also important to share leadership responsibilities across the institution. By creating a data-driven acknowledgement of students, institutional management and higher authorities can inform their decisions relating to resource allocation, professional development, scheduling, and funding and procurement. Resource allocation suggests the availability of educational professionals and also sufficient time for meeting the standards of students. Scheduling enables educational professionals to have adequate time for providing instructions as well as interventions required by the students. So, increased efforts within educational management have paved the way for educational leadership by higher authorities. For meeting key challenges related various expectations o f improvements, especially in term of progress of students, effective strategies are required in learning field. [1] Murphy J, Torre D. Vision: Essential scaffolding. Educational Management Administration Leadership. 2014;. [2] Bottery M. Educational Leadership and Economic Realities. Educational Management Administration Leadership. 2002;30(2):157-174.[3] Yeung J, Ong G, Davies R, Gao F, Perkins G. Factors affecting team leadership skills and their relationship with quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation*. Critical Care Medicine. 2012;40(9):2617-2621.[4] Bisschoff T. Book Review: Developing Educational Leadership. Educational Management Administration Leadership. 2005;33(4):487-488.[5] Schmid H. Leadership styles and leadership change in human and community service organizations. Nonprofit Management Leadership. 2006;17(2):179-194.[6] Hariri H, Monypenny R, Prideaux M. Leadership styles and decision-making styles in an Indonesian school context. School Leadership Management. 2014;34(3):284-298.[7] Jansen E. Changes in Leadership Style, Management Control and Management Accounting. SSRN Journal.[8] Chen Tsai K. Creative Leadership for Directing Changes. BMS. 2012;3(2).[9] Yeung J, Ong G, Davies R, Gao F, Perkins G. Factors affecting team leadership skills and their relationship with quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation*. Critical Care Medicine. 2012;40(9):2617-2621.[10] McKELVIE S. FACTORS AFFECTING SUBJECTIVE ESTIMATES OF MAGNITUDE: WHEN IS 9 221?. Perceptual and Motor Skills. 2001;93(2):432-434.[11] Bates R. Administering the Global Trap: The Role of Educational Leaders. Educational Management Administration Leadership. 2002;30(2):139-156.[12] Quicke J. A New Professionalism for a Collaborative Culture of Organizational Learning in Contemporary Society. Educational Management Administration Leadership. 2000;28(3):299-315.[13] Lumby J. Leading Organizational Culture: Issues of Power and Equity. Educational Management Administration Leadership. 2012;40(5):576-591.[14] Metsmuuronen J, Kuosa T, Laukkanen R. Sustainable leadership and futureà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ oriented decision making in the educational governance a Finnish case. International Journal of Educational Manageme nt. 2013;27(4):402-424.[15] Bush T. Editorial: Educational Leadership and Management: Scope and Diversity. Educational Management Administration Leadership. 2003;31(4):347-350.[16] Saiti A, Eliophotouà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Menon M. Educational decision making in a centralised system: the case of Greece. International Journal of Educational Management. 2009;23(6):446-455.[17] Gibton D. Post-2000 Law-based Educational Governance in Israel: From Equality to Diversity?. Educational Management Administration Leadership. 2011;39(4):434-454.[18] Morrison M. Diversity and Diversity Management: Messages from Recent Research. Educational Management Administration Leadership. 2006;34(3):277-295.[19] Blackmore J. Deconstructing Diversity Discourses in the Field of Educational Management and Leadership. Educational Management Administration Leadership. 2006;34(2):181-199.

Should You or Your Business Be on Wikipedia The Pros and Cons. - The Writers For Hire

SHOULD YOU OR YOUR BUSINESS BE ON WIKIPEDIA? THE PROS AND CONS. Everyone uses Wikipedia – in fact, if I see a Wikipedia entry come up on a Google search, that’s usually the first link I click on. Can Wikipedia be used for marketing purposes? The answer is certainly – though probably not in the way you think. A Wikipedia entry on you or your business isn’t going to directly sell widgets or get you your next commissioned painting. However, what it will do is add credibility to your name or brand by putting it up on the web for everyone to see. But, like most things in life, there are a few drawbacks to using Wikipedia. Pros: Pro #1: It’s fact-based. Every entry in Wikipedia reads like a page out of the Encyclopedia Britannica. There aren’t any opinions, hype, or marketing ploys allowed on Wikipedia – although the users who post information may be motivated by an opinion they have. Because it’s fact-based, you’ve got an opportunity here to tell people exactly what you do and how you do it, to provide little-known company information and other things that might get lost in your marketing messages or buried in your company website. Pro #2: It adds legitimacy to your name or brand. Because Wikipedia is a third-party, public website, information on your Wikipedia page may be more valuable to a potential customer than some of the information on your website. You’re accessing potentially millions and millions of users on their terms – no jingles, no T.V. commercials, no propaganda. Pro #3: You can direct it †¦ in a way. Rather than letting users start your Wikipedia page that may be riddled with errors or even meant to be a low-blow to your good name (see Con #2), why not start the page yourself – that way, you can direct the type of information that’s listed on your page. That’s one way to manage your reputation and point out information that may be little-known. Reference a news article. Link to your website. As long as you stay within the Wikipedia guidelines, you can shape the look and tone of your Wiki entry. Cons: Con #1. Wikipedia isn’t reliable. Yes, it may seem reliable – and it’s certainly popular, often treated as The Bible for any obscure fact that no one could possibly know. I’m sure it’s settled many bets, and probably ended a few friendships. The information is based on user entries, and can be changed or modified by anyone who wants to. Not everything you see on Wikipedia is a proven fact, though it should be. Which leads me to my next point†¦ Con #2: Anyone can change your Wikipedia entry. That’s right, anyone: a miffed customer, disgruntled ex-employee, the brother-in-law that hates you, even one of your competitors. Anything on your Wikipedia page can have its validity challenged or be modified by anyone. This is good because it keeps some companies from hiding any past missteps – remember, Wikipedia is about public information, not PR. But beware that your Wikipedia page is vulnerable to anyone who disagrees with the information it contains. Con #3: It needs constant patrol. Since you can’t control all of the information on your site, it’s important that your Wikipedia page doesn’t completely destroy your reputation. Be sure to check your entry regularly to see if it’s been changed – and how it’s been changed. Certainly allow users to contribute whatever they’ve got to your entry – this isn’t a time to let your controlling tendencies get to you. But in order to make sure that your good name isn’t being dragged through the mud by a customer, ex-employee, brother-in-law, etc., you’re going to have to monitor it and respond accordingly. Remember, nothing on Wikipedia is set in stone. It’s constantly evolving and growing, with new additions and deletions from a collaboration of users. And that fluidity can end up helping or tarnishing your brand if left unchecked.

Understanding Drag and Drop Operations in Delphi

Understanding Drag and Drop Operations in Delphi To drag and drop is to hold down the computer mouse button as the mouse is moved, and then release the button to drop the object. Delphi makes it easy to program dragging and dropping into applications. You can really drag and drop from/to wherever you like, like from one form to another, or from Windows Explorer to your application. Dragging and Dropping Example Start up a new project and put one image control on a form. Use Object Inspector to load a picture (Picture property) and then set the DragMode property to dmManual. Well create a program that will allow moving a TImage control runtime using the drag and drop technique. DragMode Components permit two types of dragging: automatic and manual. Delphi uses the DragMode property to control when the user is able to drag the control. The default value this property is dmManual, which means that dragging components around the application is not allowed, except under special circumstances, for which we have to write the appropriate code. Regardless of the setting for the DragMode property, the component will move only if the correct code is written to reposition it. OnDragDrop The event that recognizes dragging and dropping is called the OnDragDrop event. We use it to specify what we want to happen when the user drops an object. Therefore, if we want to move a component (image) to a new location on a form, we have to write code for the forms OnDragDrop event handler. The Source parameter of the OnDragDrop event is the object being dropped. The type of the source parameter is TObject. To access its properties, we have to cast it to the correct component type, which in this example is TImage. Accept We have to use the forms OnDragOver event to signal that the form can accept the TImage control we want to drop on it. Although the Accept parameter defaults to True, if an OnDragOver event handler is not supplied, the control rejects the dragged object (as if the Accept parameter was changed to False). Run your project, and try dragging and dropping your image. Notice that the image remains visible in its original location while the drag mouse pointer moves. We cannot use the OnDragDrop procedure to make the component invisible while the dragging takes place because this procedure is called only after the user drops the object (if at all). DragCursor If you want to change the cursor image presented when the control is being dragged, use the DragCursor property. The possible values for the DragCursor property are the same as those for the Cursor property. You can use animated cursors or whatever you like, like a BMP image file or a CUR cursor file. BeginDrag If DragMode is dmAutomatic, dragging begins automatically when we press a mouse button with the cursor on the control. If youve left the value of TImages DragMode property at its default of dmManual, you have to use BeginDrag/EndDrag methods to allow dragging of the component. A more common way to drag and drop is to set DragMode to dmManual and start the dragging by handling mouse-down events. Now, well use the CtrlMouseDown keyboard combination to allow dragging to take place. Set TImages DragMode back to dmManual and write the MouseDown event handler like this: BeginDrag takes a Boolean parameter. If we pass True (like in this code), dragging begins immediately; if False, it doesnt start until we move the mouse a short distance. Remember that it requires the Ctrl key.

E-Procurement and E-Supply Chain Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

E-Procurement and E-Supply Chain - Essay Example To survey or to study e business transformations, good understanding of complex adaptive systems is required. For example in weather forecasting there will some inaccuracies. Those inaccuracies are reduced by electronic solution that reduces the chaos. Similarly e business will make a company behaviour to be determined by precise laws. The growth of the company results in loss of control over operations. The growth increases complexity and wide range of business needs extra control that is possible by IT solutions. Cathay pacific can use complexity to transform the problem into a solution to bring order in to the increasing business. The increasing business will result in chaos when there is no control. The control can be obtained by enhanced communication, which results in increase of relationship between management, suppliers and customers. The e procurement and e supply chain makes us to better understand the disorder that affects the business and corrects it to do the business in order. The analysis of the data and the points will enable the firm contemplating of adopting these technologies for enhancing efficiency of their network. In this system some of the processes which are done physically will be made online and the necessity of checking the authenticity of the online transactions will be explored. Care must be taken that the persons other than authorised ones will not take the system into hands and control the e procurement and e supply system.1 1.2 Procedures of the online system and making it authentic: The Cathay Pacific company have two types of goods to be procured. The first type is the technical and the second type is non technical. The engineering goods, the spare parts for the machines and planes come under the technical goods. The furniture and accessories used in the office, the items used for providing facilities for the passengers in the plane and the uniforms and other construction material if any required comes under non technical goods. In e procurement the tender process will be done online. They are assessed and orders will be finalised through network. The supplier will be connected in network of the company.1 The recognition of the finalised papers by the supplier is a key for the authenticity and the legality of the network. The electronic signature which is used in the confirmation of the orders to the suppliers will be supplied to them and can be made secret so as to make it unique. For this the electronic signature must be changed from time to time and for every transaction.2 1.2 Increasing the quality of procurement after adopting online system: The e procurement will increase the self-organisation and self-renewal. This is due to the quality of e procurement that involves the ability of adapting and

Theism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Theism - Essay Example Through his reasoning, it implies that God does not exist. He argues that some people belief on life after death. Those who die pure will have a new life in the after-death world; they are the one to know if God exist or not (Joshua, 77-80). This reasoning paste a clear thought of God being non-existent. He argues that every truth is not known, thus, no reason to belief God as possessing the supernatural and omniscient powers. He argues that without truth, faith does not convince him that there existent a being who designed others in this world Clement, 182-190). Russel says that since no-one has rose from death to prove the idea of life after-death, objects in this world were meant to exist without the control of any supernatural being. He says that life has a meaning, but one finds himself on this world by fate (Clement, 156-158). He argues that those believing in God’s existence have not seen or proved that he exists, thus, the only people with a clear point are those who a re against theism. Many authors have had an argument in support of theism and existences of God as a supernatural being, one of these arguments for theism are discussed in this paper. Thomas Aquinas argues in favor of theism. He argues that although contingent things exist, they are not omnipresent. This argument supports that God is the only being that is supernatural and omnipresent. ... to be empty, nothing was to exist presently, thus, the world is not empty, meaning that some superpower’s work made it to be full of life (Mackie, 116-122). It can be concluded that there is another being that is not contingent, hence, God exist. The other argument for theism by Aquinas is that of objects having properties to be greater or lesser. He argues that; if an object has a property to a lesser extent, then there exists another object that has the property to the maximum possible degree. This implies that there is an entity that has all properties to the maximum possible degree. This entity represent a supernatural being that has the power to make an object lesser or bigger. This supernatural being is God who exists and has powers than is non-existent to any other object (Joshua, 198-202). Some objects have brains while others do not, they all must have been created by one being who had a brain and creativity to make each to look beautiful and all are inter-dependent f or their existence. From all the arguments by Aquinas, one can conclude that God exists. I support Aquinas’ argument that God exist and he is a supernatural being. This is attributed to the fact that even Russel agrees that there is life after death. This implies that with one the pure who are allowed to enter into the after death world, thus the existence of God. The present world is designed in a complex way, with different races, tribes, various species of animals and plants among others. This is not the work of an ordinary being, but one who has control of all the things in this world. The design is marvelous and the way each object in this world inter-related implies that the designer must have had supernatural brains and the highest level of creativity. The prove of his existence is

Chinese Mythology Essay Example for Free

Chinese Mythology Essay Chang-e is the lunar goddess in Chinese traditional myths. In China, she is a widely known character. She is known as a very beautiful woman who is living alone in a palace in the moon called â€Å"Guanghan Palace†. Her story is one of the most famous tragedies in Chinese myths. Recently there are several â€Å"retold† versions of the story of Chang-e’s ascent to the moon in different media. In 2010, there was a teleplay named â€Å"Chang-e† that told about the love story of Chang-e, Houyi, Wugang and Jade Rabbit. In the retold story, the relationship of these four persons is very complicated at the beginning. Later on, Houyi falls in love with Chang-e and Wugang is in love to Jade Rabbit. They try to start their new lives happily. However, a great flood troubles people, and it can be only resolved by Chang-e. The Jade Emperor gives 2 pills to Houyi and Chang-e but one of the 2 pills is destroyed and exchanged a fake one by a scoundrel. Houyi eats the fake pill when he knows this since he wants Chang-e to float to the moon and control the tides, so that she can stop the disaster. At the end, Chang-e floats to the moon alone. Jade Rabbit sympathizes with Chang-e so she also floats to the moon to accompany her. The 2 couples are both separated. There are several versions of the ancient myth about Chang-e. But the most famous one is from the book â€Å"huainanzi† . Chang-e is Houyi’s wife. Houyi gets elixir from Xiwangmu (the Western Queen Mother), and give it to his wife to store. When Houyi is going out to hunt, his student Fengmeng try to steal it but he is discovered by Chang-e. When he wants to kill Chang-e, she swallows the elixir and floats to the moon. Houyi is very angry when he backs home and Fengmeng has already fled. Houyi feels sad and miss Chang-e, so he prepares some fruits and cakes Chang-e likes as sacrifices to worship. The Mother of Moon shows mercy and allows them to meet in the night with full moon. People believe Chang-e has become the goddess of moon after hearing of the story, so they follow Houyi and pray to her. This is the origin of worship to Chang-e on Mid-Autumn Festival. Although there are many myths in ancient China, Chang-e’s story becomes one of the most famous. People have retold it for thousands of years. It is because of the â€Å"Yin Yang† culture in China. â€Å"Yin† means negative, dark, cold or female, etc. Chinese people believe the moon belongs to â€Å"Yin†, and it is the most â€Å"Yin† thing in the universe. Also, Chinese people think the moon is beautiful but lonely and cold because of the nature of Yin. So, people believed that the deity of the moon should be also beautiful, female and alone. In the story, Chang-e is a young and very beautiful woman. Her image fits people’s thinking of the moon. Her husband Houyi is a hero with great power and good at archery. He shot down 9 suns. Although these two persons are nearly perfect, their love story is a tragedy. People always remember those sad and beautiful love stories. This is the reason why tragedies are always retold again and again. Also, Chinese think that the wanes and full of the moon hint the parting and meeting of families or lovers. As the great poet Su Shi said, â€Å"People have sorrow and joy, they part and meet again and again. There are wanes and full of the moon, it is sometimes covered and it sometimes shines. These are always regrets since the olden days. † This impression fits the situation of Chang-e and Houyi. They are separated but still can meet in the night with full moon. On another hand, ancient Chinese were very curious about the moon. They thought the moon was beautiful but mysterious, and they always imaged the nature and story of the moon, and tried to get some ideas to go to the moon. From a long time ago, there are so many literary works talking about the moon. Ancient Chinese reposed their thinking on the story of Chang-e’s ascent to the moon, and retell the myth again and again. The popularity of the story of Chang-e shows ancient Chinese people’s eagerness and willingness to explore the moon. Even though they had no abilities to go to the moon, they tried to pass the idea to posterity, and that really comes true recently. In the past several decades, the space flight technology has developed significantly. Nowadays, it allows humans to go onto the moon already. In 2007, the Chinese Lunar Exploration Program (CLEP) was launched, and the program is also named â€Å"Chang-e Program†. The lunar orbiters and lunar landers launched in this program are all named â€Å"Chang-e 1†, â€Å"Chang-e 2†, etc. The naming of the program and orbiters and landers hints that the Chinese people’s dream of going to the moon finally comes true. Chinese people can finally set foot on the moon back like the lunar goddess, Chang-e. In contemporary China, the influence of the story of Chang-e still exists in other aspects. The story is retold again and again in different media, such as films, teleplay and cartoons, etc. It is even included in Chinese primary students’ textbooks. Furthermore, many people still keep the tradition of worship to Chang-e on the night of Mid-Autumn Festival, when the moon is said to be largest, and Chang-e can hear the pray of people. People will prepare moon cakes and fresh fruits as sacrifices to the lunar goddess, as what Houyi did many centuries before. This tradition shows Chinese people’s mind does not change among thousands of years. Chinese know that the parting and meeting of people are unchangeable, just like the nature principle that the moon wanes and becomes full, moves in circles. Therefore, on the night of Mid-Autumn Festival, people recall their family, friends or lovers. The olds hope their children and grandchildren can be with them to celebrate the festival and view the full moon together. And in the night, adults will tell the story of Chang-e to the children, and introduce the culture of Mid-Autumn Festival. The story is retold again and again, and passed to the posterity. Even though those family members has left hometown, they will try their best to back home before the festival to celebrate with the family. In the night with full moon, they pray to the lunar goddess for reunions of members of family. People are eager for â€Å"Yuan†. In Chinese, the word â€Å"Yuan† means the shape of circle and also the reunion of members of family. On the Mid-Autumn Festival, people always pray for â€Å"Yuan† of both the moon and family. Even though the myth of Chang-e’s ascent to the moon has more and more retold version since people’s different interest in different times, the culture of it will never change. Chinese people will keep the core value of â€Å"Yuan†, as well as other Chinese traditional core value. References 1. Wen Yu , (2010) ‘ ’, Enorth. com. Retrieved from http://ent. enorth. com. cn/system/2010/11/23/005412956. shtml 2. Gao You. Huainanzi Explanation . Worldbook Taiwan, 1965. 3. Jiang Pei Ying , 300 Song Poems . Thread-Blinding Books Publishing House, 2003. 4. Liu Zhi Qing , (2007) ‘â€Å" † ’,Xinhuanet. Retrieved from http://news3. xinhuanet. com/tech/2007-07/07/content_6340313. htm.

college tuition :: essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Public college tuition fees need to increase and not have a ceiling set on them because over time instructional costs increase due to rising wages, salaries and inflation. If there were a ceiling government taxes would increase, and last many amenities would have to be subtracted.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  First, over time instructional costs increase due to rising wages, salaries and inflation. If tuition does not increase the salary of employees will decrease and jobs will have to be cut, because there will not be enough money. Along with a smaller faculty there will also be less class choice and increase in class size. Both of these things will result in a lower quality of education because there would not be enough money due to a tuition ceiling. The tuition that students and families pay goes towards the students education. According to Karen Arenson of the New York Times some colleges are already cutting back, taking such steps as eliminating faculty positions and reducing class sizes. These things are already happening without a tuition ceiling. Just think that all colleges would have to do this instead of some if there was a tuition ceiling.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  If a ceiling was set on tuition at all public colleges in the united states there would be a drastic increase in government taxes. Tuition at public universities is usually shared between the government or taxpayers, and the parents and student. As student costs increase such as maintenance, room, board, travel, laundry, and entertainment taxes would have to increase to cover the additional expenses. The failure of tuition to increase at the same rate as the increases of wages and salaries in the economy will require additional government revenues.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  College isn’t all about bookwork. College is a place to have and experience new things. If a ceiling was set on tuition there would be almost no money to fund extracurricular activities such athletic and cultural facilities and other programs. Also colleges would not be able to pay for extensive libraries and new technology for students without tuition.

McDonalds and Wal-Mart

Economics is defined as the study of incentives and the common practice of reaching these motivations. Many people have gone to immoral conducts just to reach these incentives. A lot of people, particularly in the business field also commit such acts that are morally wrong but would surely bring more profit. They sacrifice integrity in exchange of better revenues. Even big corporations are guilty of these wrongdoings, even though these companies may not admit such offenses. They have resorted to many instances acting dishonorable actions and there must be a compelling reason why they acted that way.Some of these cases that showed such responses are the public school teachers from Chicago, the sumo wrestlers, and an entrepreneur who plotted actions to attain their selfish goals. These are three different scenarios, all engaged in doing such acts that compromised their values to achieve their self-centered objectives. These public school teachers from Chicago committed cheating by prov iding their students with answers for a certain examination. On the other hand, sumo wrestlers were also found making deceitful acts by prearranging fights and winners of bouts.Although there is a limited manner to prove these misdeeds strongly, there are some noticeable situations to prove that there are abnormalities within the influential circle of sumo wrestlers. The entrepreneur also did a dishonest act by selling bagels to any person that would benefit for possessing that bagel which is considered as illegal. Both this instances, according to the author, involved cheating that was induced by the benefits of doing such acts. All of these circumstances can be said as similar in terms of doing unpleasant deeds in exchange of receiving incentives as the result of these acts.The author researched other relevant information about the theme of this manuscript. He found out that a person, for his own personal agenda, usually take advantage of any information he has for a specific agen da. One firm example is on the manner a press officer make used of his gathered information to cause the collapse of the Ku Klux Klan for his benefit. Ku Klux Klan is the name given to various secret societies in the United States, generally situated on the southern part of the country, clearly identified for its advocacy that white people are far more superior to other cultural factions.The Klan made every effort to persecute the other racial groups and terrorize African-American people. Ku Klux Klan’ downfall began when Stetson Kennedy gained access to the Klan and supplied information to media and law enforcement groups. Stetson also provided secret code words that are critical to the Klan. His effort to take advantage with the information he possesses made a big impact to the Klan’s collapse. Kennedy also penned a manuscript about his circumstances with the Klan. This development further damaged the Ku Klux Klan. †Why experts of every kind are in the perfect position to exploit you†.A phrase showing another concrete example is the way real state agents behave when they perform their selling acts. A real-state agent persuades the owner of the house to sell for less while at the same time, providing potential buyer information that he can buy the house for a discounted price. To ensure that you have your excellent choice to buy or sell a house, there are clever ways that must be learned before engaging in the actual transaction. Like in the Ku Klux Klan, there are also codes being used by the real-state agents to pass on information throughout the ads they display.Clusters of words like â€Å"well maintained†, â€Å"spacious†, â€Å"great neighborhood† and other phrases in itself, possesses a full meaning to a housing agent which are frequently unknown to a conventional buyer/owner of a house. Because of this, exploitation of these agents is evident unless the prospective buyer would have a clear understanding a bout these word-codes they use. On the next chapter, the author did make contradictions about the common idea that the financial status of those people who do illegal acts are always better compared to those who do otherwise.He rather made this discovery contributing to other factors such as the economic status of a certain individual. He found out that only those who are in the higher rank of a drug organization really prosper while those in the lower level still earns a little amount for their living. These findings were supported by citing Sudhir Venkatesh research about this topic. Sudhir Venkatesh is a sociologist whose research setting was focused on the field studies in the shelter projects in Chicago, made some exceptional discoveries, including the one related with the financial status of a drug organization.The outcome of this research provided clear evidence about the author’s claim regarding the fiscal status of those people involved drug dealership. Moreover, Sud hir’s research also found out astounding information that being a member of J. T. ’s gang, particularly those in the low-level position jobs, faces a clear danger for their life, having 25% casualty rate. It was compared to the dangers of an employee working in a timber cutting industry, and even those prisoners on the death row, and found these to be less fatal than working as a low-level drug dealer.Furthermore, this set-up was compared by Levitt to other companies, McDonalds’ burger flipper and Wal-Mart’s shelf stocker. He compared the financial status of every employee and those in the executive positions with the small drug dealers and those who lead the drug organization. These two businesses both manifested the economic imbalance occurring within their respective organization, but still better compared to being a crack dealer. Chapter 4 has brought a contentious claim by the author and it did a lot of interest to take a closer look with the manuscr ipt.Levitt claimed that the legalization of abortion made a great impact in the reduction of crimes in a certain area. This was supported by his numerous examples like what happened in some states including Alaska, California, Hawaii, New York, and Washington where crime rates fell considerably after making abortion legal on these mentioned territories. The author also presented data showing those states that has the highest cases of abortion showed the significant reduction of crimes occurring in their respective areas. In the same manner, those areas that have recorded the lowest abortion cases only displayed a small drop rate of crimes.He debunked claims that factors such as advanced policing plan, reduced drug demand, aged population, stricter firearm management, a strong economy, and others significantly affect the crime rates in the country. He also noted that should abortion was not legalized on those key states, less than 2 million babies would have been born every year, thu s, increase in the engagement of crimes would have been prevalent. This was due to the fact that most of these are unwanted pregnancy and it is highly probable that these babies will be raised in an unstable family setting or in poverty.These same reasons, according to Levitt, were also the motives why did pregnant young women sought abortions. Do parenting really matters? This is a question that was covered in Chapter 5, where parenthood was the main topic. Parenting is the course of raising and educating a person from birth or prior to, until maturity. According to the author, a parent is the steward of another’s human life, from being a new born until it reaches adulthood. In the process of parenting, protection is one thing being given by parents to their children.They provide protection because they know their children is vulnerable against any attack from individuals or other things, including themselves. They feared these might bring affliction to their child, which ma y eventually lead to death. But the problem lies in absence of knowledge about the science of parenting. Like any other, proper rearing of a child requires skills and proper information to be able to reach its very objective as a parent. This was shown by the author when he cite a scenario about parents who feared that the presence of a gun in their homes might bring hurt and compromise the security of their children.These parents transferred their child to another’s house where there is no gun but with a swimming pool in their house. Levitt stated that these parents gave less protection in their child because, according to statistics, more children died due to drowning in a swimming pool rather than playing with a gun. If these parents only knew this, they will reconsider their decision and carefully evaluate the place before they agree in sending their child in another location. Smart parenting, therefore, is greatly needed to ensure proper taking care of a child.Another re levant finding the author made is the direct relationship between the socioeconomic conditions of the parents to achieving a positive outcome with parenthood. Such factors like parents who were highly educated, high socioeconomic standing and having a child in the later age of the parents directly contribute into achieving a better outcome in standardized tests of students. For the last chapter, Levitt focused the discussion to the names given to every child by their parents and how it affects the circumstances of a person by the names given to him at birth.He stressed the importance of the parent’s act of naming their baby to the future life of this child. The author cited researches about this topic and analyzed carefully the details relating to this matter. Levitt presented researches linking the names of white and black American to their life condition including employment, salary grade, and educational attainment. He also discussed in this chapter a story about a mother that named her daughter â€Å"Temptress† and when this child grew up, she was accused unruly conduct, about having sexual affairs with different men while her mother is away form home.Another name was mentioned in this chapter that was given to a child by his parents that was based upon a shallow reasoning because that name was just the first word they saw upon reaching the hospital. Levitt expressed his concern that good parenting starts with the proper choice of names to be given to their child. He further expressed that those people who did not bother to just give any names to their child without even considering its meaning do not possess the characteristic of being a good parent. This act might greatly affect the future life of a child, either he lived by his name or the world would prejudge the person by his name.These possible dilemmas must be taken by these parents as a caution before they give names to their children. Our world has experienced a lot of hardships and adversities due to negligence by many people in exchange of accumulating more money and benefits. People should realize that the most important duty is to provide better services to their consumers. They must not forget that enterprising requires responsibility and in any way this should not be compromised. We ought to do our duties in our family effectively for us to start changing our society for the better.If all of us would keep in mind the main responsibility of every human being to love his God and his neighbor, then our society would be a better place to live including our economy and business. The Seven Habits of Highly Effective People Many people have ventured on a lot of studies and attended several trainings to augment their skills in the management area. They wanted to develop their ability in dealing with other people in various disciplines like in business, politics, and other significant areas of concern. Many businesses seek more understanding on how to deal with th e consumers effectively to boost their sales and profit.Those in the field of politics also look for better approaches they will used to convince the voters to elect them from office. These are just some of the reasons why many book were published to address the need of a manuscript that would talk about this very important topic. Stephen Covey authored the book â€Å"The 7 Habits of Highly Effective People† in the year 1989. This manuscript has been included on the list of books that was sold favorably for more than 3 years. The author also conducted seminars about this topic and many people attended these gatherings.Companies like AT & T, Ford, Xerox and other big corporations also made recommendations that this book be read by management officials. This manuscript discussed the seven habits that can be learned to improve oneself and its relationship with others effectively. Covey illustrated a habit as a mix of knowledge, skills and aspirations. This knowledge would repres ent the area where the main focus is on what must be done for every general and specific detail. The skills focuses on the process things are done and aspirations center on the things that are desired for. In order to create a habit in our lives, we must have all three.These seven habits are subdivided into three: Habits 1, 2, and 3 is on the personal success while habits 4, 5 and 6 relates to triumphs with regards to the public domain. The last habit involves restoration of oneself. Be proactive is first habit wrote by the author. The author expressed that we must use our ingenuity and inventiveness to work on the road to our personal goals. This suggests that every human being is solely responsible for his or her life. This includes the principle that our own behavior is greatly affected by the choices we make. A proactive person does not let things happen, but rather make things happen.It acts initiatively and does not wait for others actions to commence. Through this, we can say that we can be responsible enough for every thing that happens to us and to other people that surrounds us. The author pointed out a principle regarding the circle of concern which includes the entire feature that we have control over psychological or affection involvement. The author stressed the circle of influence, which lies inside the circle of concern must be given focus by the person which includes those things that he has total control. According to the author, each person has both a circle of influence and a circle of concern.Tormenting continuously about things outside of the circle of influence is not dynamic. Working within the circle of influence is productive. Moreover, the more efficient you become, the more your circle of control will start to expand. The next habit pertains to the topic â€Å"Begin with the end in mind†. This is all about formulating long-standing objectives based on a specific ideology. According to the author, it is advisable for a person to formulate â€Å"individual goal statements† that would serve as the very goal of one’s life. The author suggests good foresight planning as an important tool to develop this.It is like sculpting a figure that an individual want for one’s life and providing a frame of reference wherein all the manners and conducts can be evaluated. There must be a lucid direction where to go and when to stop. Only when all the paths are cleared that a person can suffice its objective with regards to planning long-term goals in his life. Meanwhile, in an organizational structure, Covey emphasize that the company’s vision would be more efficient if all the members of the group were involved in the formulation of these ideas and was not prearranged by only a small number of personalities.The third habit, Covey wrote, is to put first things first. Self-determination is vital in this topic of concern. It entails a lot of effort for a person or to maintain personal integrity. â€Å"Walk the talk† is one famous phrase that must always be present in one’s mind to be able to preserve his or her uprightness. Proper time management and setting up of priorities are also included in this area. Those effective people know how to prioritize things and say no to non-urgent things. Think win-win is the fourth habit. This often refers to circumstances where one benefits, not necessarily in the course of someone else's defeat.This mentality is based on collaboration rather than competition. Each side must have the boldness to state one’s convictions, but to take into concern other's belief. It allows all participants to achieve positive outcomes in their struggles. There are four step processes that illustrate more this habit. The first step is to see the problem from other point of view. This means that a person must also take into careful consideration the views and opinions of other people, particularly those in the other side of the struggle . Knowing what the main arguments of other people would bring more understanding for both sides.The next step is on identifying the key subjects and apprehensions involved in the situation. This addresses the heart of the issue and focusing on the main issues of the scenario. There must be full cooperation coming from all sides to ensure the completion of this undertaking. After this, determination of results that represents an acceptable solution to the problem comes next. Resolution to the problem must provide a clear picture for both sides to guarantee that the benefits of these outcomes will surely answer each of the problems on each side.If there would still be unresolved conflicts between, the next step will be to identify alternative options to further achieve proper arbitration of this situation. These steps can be used by companies to enhance their relations with their employees, ensuring lasting relationships between the employers and employees. The fifth habit is to †Å"seek first to understand then to be understood†. The author proposes that we establish first more information before ever beginning to communicate. That is what we must comprehend for every situation before hastening in with giving suggestions.In order to understand the heart of any topic, it is more appropriate to use the skills in communication and listening. It is a given fact that most people do not pay attention for the purpose to comprehend what they hear, instead they listen just to be able to respond to it. There are various levels of listening which includes not listening at all, pretending that you are listening, selective listening, attentive listening, and absolute listening. Only a few performs the higher level of listening but this is what matters most if you want to understand more other people’s concern.Many people do not realize that by listening to others, it is already a good start that you will also be understood in the process. It is very importan t that when you hear, it must include not just your senses but most importantly, the heart. That is where true listening begins. When all of the habits mentioned above are already realized, synergy comes next. This is the sixth habit and regarded to as the premier activity in all life. This custom occurs when minds fuels another mind and ideas call for more ideas. This produces new options that come up naturally.This synergy is a derivative and this cannot be made by mere intervention. Deliberately creating synergy actually makes it harder for it to exist. What must be provided is just to prepare the climate for synergy to occur. This includes first, the win-win attitude, next is seeking first to understand, and third is the belief in our capabilities to find a third alternative. To sum it all, synergy is built directly upon other factors preceding it. This stresses that we must value the distinction between people and how they view the world.That disparity can be used as a basis of insight. Covey stated that the seventh habit serves as the oil that greases the mechanism of all the other habits. â€Å"Sharpening the saw† is the inclination that makes all the others possible. This requires making an investment in oneself. Treating his or her body with utmost care is what needed. Renewal of one’s spirit must also be taken into consideration. This can be realized through prayers, music, reading the word of God, reflection and others. All of these can touch our inner beings and provide restoration to every individual.We can further make investments for ourselves by continuing education, thorough reading of books and manuscripts that would give more information and knowledge in many aspects of life. Another aspect would be the social and emotional regeneration that entails interaction with other people to build the one’s own sense of welfare. Another is through penning materials that would challenge our ability to think, rationalize, and compre hend more. After all of these, rest is also needed to renew our energy and to equip us again for another days work.Self-sufficient philosophy alone is not appropriate to mutually dependent actuality. Independent persons who do not have the maturity to consider and perform interdependently may become excellent individual producers, but these people would not become superior leaders or team players. All of these seven habits Covey presented give a detailed understanding on the facts that highly effective people acts and deal with their own life and their surroundings. These customs are worth to try in attaining the goal to be highly effective individuals.But the most important thing would be to maintain a clear conscience and be sensitive enough to other’s feelings and circumstances. To be highly effective depends greatly on what do most people see on person. This book is just a guideline for us to start with the objective of being effective persons in our respective fields, bu t it still depends on ourselves if we will strive to continue these principles. It all boils down to one major area; the person’s relationship with God and his neighbors. The Art of War The manuscript â€Å"The Art of War† was recorder as one of the oldest book written for military applications.This involves a lot of strategies and approaches when it comes to war planning and executions. Many famous personalities have claimed that their principles were inspired by this book. Napoleon Bonaparte was believed to be inspired by this book during his entire course of imperial campaign. Its simple but brilliant approaches are the things that made this book survived up to the present. Aside from its importance in the war strategies, â€Å"The Art of War† principles can also be applied to the business world today.Many topics of this timeless book can be seen as relevant to the corporate arena, where the competition between companies is inevitable. This set up can be seen as a war between companies and such quotes from Sun Tzu can be utilized to encourage managers and businessmen to achieve ultimate success in their respective industries. The first chapter of the book focus on â€Å"laying plans† This surveys the five key essentials that characterize competitive situation which includes mission, climate, ground, leadership, and methods.This chapter also includes the process of evaluating one self’s competitive strengths against your enemies. If the planner formulated a great strategy and executed it successfully, then that group will already have a step further of the competition when it comes to the actual battle. In the business arena, it is a must to conduct planning and surveys to evaluate the present status as a company as well as its competitors performance. By doing this, there would be a clear signal that can be used further when modifications and innovations of products and services are needed.Another thing is that sure victor ies always start with careful planning the details of a strategy. In commerce, good policies isn’t automatically employed to directly clash a competitor, instead it is a tactic that uses chances to take full advantage of your situation in the market. A corporation must look at their inner strong points and weaknesses and visually placed them for careful observation. The next step will be to look at the outer prospects and threats of the company and put these in an outline for study.After all of these, the company will come up with a detailed analysis of the company’s strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats and come up with a new strategy. Upon looking at the results of this analysis, decisions then must be made whether to continue with the competition or to venture to other trades. Waging war is on the next chapter wherein it clarifies the process of understanding the financial nature of the struggle and how triumphs require making the brilliant move that will serve victory, which as an aftermath, limiting the costs of competition and argument.Like in the business field, when competition is so fierce, the business manager must carefully familiarize himself with the actual competition between all the players so that he would not spend a lot of resources just to stay in the contest. He must be knowledgeable enough to handle this â€Å"war† between players in the market. The next chapter focuses on the topic â€Å"attack by stratagem†. This chapter discusses that the source of any military strength resides in unity and not in size. In this chapter, Sun Tzu also gave five factors to know who will become victorious in any battle.First is that the person who knows when to engage battle and when not to fight, will be triumphant. Knowing one’s capability is a good sign of a great strategist. Same with the business, owners of the company must know their strengths and weaknesses to be able to avoid possible collapse and defeat from its competitors. The next factor, according to the book, is that the person who knows how to use whatever the size of his forces will be victorious. Another aspect is that the one who knows how to bring unity between those in the lower and upper level for a clear intention will also be victorious.The fourth factor is that the one who is always ready will be successful compared to those who are not. The last aspect is that if commander-in-charge is competent and not meddled by anyone, including the ruler will be triumphant. All of these five factors can be applied in managing a business, particularly those who faces great competition in the market. Competition in the trades is analogous to â€Å"war† being described by Sun Tzu. The next chapter pertains to strategic outlook that is also important in war. According to this segment, an army that acquires first circumstances before going to battle will be victorious.On the other hand, an army who engage in battle first with out considering other important conditions will just be looking for defeat. An owner of a business must study first the conditions of the market before putting up his business to enable him to address important issues regarding the needs and circumstances of the consumers. Only by then he would have greater chances to survive in the market and may surpass all its competitors. Chapter five concerns the proper utilization of force of an army. It is described in this chapter that proper use of force is required to win the battle.Whatever the size of an army, it still depends on how it will use by the commander. In business, proper utilization of resources is needed to ensure efficiency in the business. It all depends on how it will be run by the manager of the business. The next chapter focuses on knowing the weakness and strengths of an enemy. Probing the enemy to know its weak spot and its strong points is a good way to defeat the adversary. In business, it is a good attitude of a bu siness manager to familiarize himself with his competitors’ flaws because this information can be used to improve his products or services.Right maneuvering is on the next chapter. It is not always appropriate to face your enemy directly. Proper positioning is good tactic to add more advantages to the army to defeat the enemy. Business also requires proper way of identifying good positions to enhance the sales of an industry. A fast food chain must be placed in a crowded area, even there are already established competitors in that locale. What is more important is the proper placing of the store that would still be accessible enough to consumers. Next topic described in chapter eight is the variation in tactics of an army.Flexibility must always be present in anyone’s mind because there might be uncontrolled circumstances that suddenly occurred that need to be address immediately. There must be rooms for changes in the plans. Contingency measures are always present whe n planning a war strategy. This is the same with business because, trends are continuously changing and the demands of people may vary in time. That is why many companies have put up research and development division and innovation section to address these concerns. Chapter nine illustrates the actual army marching toward the enemy.Like in the previous chapters, maneuvers must always be a part of the plan when marching began. It all depends on the actuation of the enemy in the battlefield. The general must be knowledgeable enough to provide his army tactics in the battle arena. In the corporate world, the same is applied. There must be enough room for sudden maneuvers and that depends wholly on who run the company. Like a general, he must be skilled enough to deal with actuations that require some changes in the plan. Ground Formation is on the next chapter. It entails a lot of insight on how to position an army in the battle.In order to win the war, it is imperative for a general t o evaluate the opponent, make situations leading to success, calculating the risks and spaces. In the business arena, it is also relevant to ensure success of the business by the managing properly of a particular company. There are conditions that need to be set in order to enhance the sales of the business. Risks in the business are inevitable; a good manager will always make accurate calculations to avoid these business threats. The eleventh chapter discusses the nine different grounds in warfare.These must carefully study because according to the book, there is a specific response for every given type of grounds. These are the following: dispersive ground, marginal ground, contentious ground, open ground, intersecting ground, critical ground, difficult ground, surrounded ground, and deadly ground. Each ground needs appropriate action by the commanding general to guarantee victory. In the market, there are variations in the settings and environments. A good businessman will carefu lly examine his ground first to be able to survive this competition, if there is any.Chapter twelve illustrates the topic on fire attacks. This gives explanation on the use of arsenals commonly and the use of the surroundings as a weapon particularly. It scrutinizes the five marks for aggression, the five types of ecological assaults, and the suitable answers to such assault. In business, we cannot avoid some competitors doing some bad tricks to destroy his rival’s business reputation. Proper responses must be applied to such attacks like these, or they might fulfill their purpose to afflict their rival’s industry. The last chapter discusses the use of spies.This focuses on the relevance of producing good data gatherers to help in their battle. According to the book, enlightened leaders and superior commanders who have acquired clever agents that are used as spies are most likely into enormous triumphs. This timeless piece of manuscript can be applied to various discip lines aside form the real warfare. It gives a lot of brilliant ideas that are far more superior to other advices provided by other books. One important thing that must not be disregarded is that God is in control of everything. It takes His help and provision to help win any adversary.This is also included in the book, pertaining to Heaven. As long as we do His will, we must not be affected by any enemy that hinders our success. The battle is the Lord’s. References Levitt, Steven D. , Dubner, Stephen J. Freakonomics: A Rogue Economist Explores the Hidden Side of Everything. United States: William Morrow, April 12, 2005. Covey, Stephen R. The 7 Habits of Highly Effective People: Powerful Lessons in Personal Change. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1990. Tzu, Sun. The Art of War : The Denma Translation. United States. Shambhala Publications. 2001