Angostura Strategy Most Profitable Rum Company

angostura bark Strategy Most Profitable curious CompanyAnalysis of angosturaIn this chapter the information ga in that respectd from primary and secondary resources willing be economic consumptiond to analyse the foodstuffing dodge and performance of angostura bark SBR. The vision of angostura Ltd is to be the most profitable gay company in the Caribbean and continuously improve their position as the largest aromatic bitters company in the world. And their delegating is to bring the spirit of Trinidad Tobago to either customer experience by providing preferred crossroads and excellent products and excellent customer service. From these statement it is believed that angostura would standardized the company to be the flagship nock or product of the verdant and that they would incorporate these statements when developing their strategies to marketplace place their products .Over the past five years the company acquit been through a caboodle which would ware affected their creation and performance within the market. They invite everyplacecome disastrous obstacles such(prenominal) as having their old (CLICO) parent company filing for bankruptcy which would excite affected their reputation and their business operations. In this chapter the information and results collect from the interviews, observation and surveys will be analysed and compared with those of the competitor. angostura strategy Past PresentIn the past it could clearly be determined that the previous strategy was non about having a dominant strawman in the market hardly much seeking to have their products in the foreign markets. It fag safely be said that Angostura adopted a strategy of a merger and accomplishment type because they were purchasing and forming agreements with other distilleries. In 1999 they bought the minority handle in Bacardi Ltd, in 2002 they bought Burn Stewart a traverse distillery in Scotland. And they alike create relationships/alliances wit h Dewars Ltd. These developments assisted in the statistical distribution of the Angostura brands into untapped markets. They were capitalising on the brand names and the association of the brands to penetrate the markets. It force out clearly determine that they adopted a strategy from the Ansoff matrix to the best of their ability to become a leader in the alcoholic beverage industry in the world. At that time of the company existence, wherefore chairman and owner of Angostura Lawrence Duprey who is a visionary saw these products as being world class and it should be available to the world. This strategy could be considered to be no-hit because close to of the products won international awards in the GermanysMundus Vini Competition and International Spirits Challenge UK, but there was somewhat neglecting to their home market as there was little awareness of the brands in the local market . There was little advertising over those years that are when the foreign competitors pen etrated the market with their intense market tactics and deflect a epoch-making number of consumers to lurch from rum to scotch. The foreign competition came into the market through distribution via local distributors. The principal(prenominal) product that affected Angostura market share which they held for years was scotch. Starting in 2010 the tender CEO decided to implemented a new strategy to take the company back to its rightful position in the market and eradicate all competition. The companys CEO Wayne Yip Choy said he saw an untapped opportunity to amplify rum sales in what had been a stagnant market for the last 25 years or so. The growth of rum over the last 25 years has been flat at about 500,000 case per year while whiskey sales went from 34,000 to 267,000 cases. The CEO has endorsed this bunk professing that it was successful (Newsday 19th May 2011 page 3)He employed a market penetration strategy which consisted of several changes to the companys structure and products. These changes include an immediate stop to distribution of all competitor products such as Bacardi and Dewars and a repackaging of their rums and re dressing the brands.Albarran et al (2006) states that the industry life cycle helps in understanding the dynamics of a market structure and the entry, exit and survival patterns of firms. The rum industry can be considered or characterized as being in its decline phase as they have not been active in the market like they should. There is a moderate entrance of competition into this industry however the industry is favourable to Angostura as they are the leaders in the rum distribution which makes it difficult for any new company to sell rum and penetrate the market. However there is a heavy threats in the alcohol market from brands such as Johnnie pushchair Black (JWB) which is a scotch beverage and has capture a significant segment of the market. The company responsible for the market strategies of this product is AS Bryd ens who follow the strategyThe present strategy being employed by Angostura can be best identified as a Differentiation out of the porter generic strategy. The product differentiation strategy in any market gains competitive benefit from being able to offer additional value to their customers that they may in some steering appreciate and value. Differentiation strategies are not about pursuing uniqueness for the sake of being different it is about understanding customers and how the product can meet their needs, differentiation is about uniqueness, establishing differentiation advantage requires creativity. They have achieved this by offering a premium product with a unique perceptivity and new packaging to the consumers. Presently in the market Angostura have fierce competition by foreign competitors who have entered the local alcohol market via distribution channels such as AS Brydens and Alstons trade Company who control the powerful brands such as Johnnie Walker Black and De wars respectively. The Angostura Single Barrel Rum (SBR) is product that the company is actively marketing currently. This product is an old product that has been rebranded and re-positi peerlessd to a new target audience to regain its market share from scotch. The main competitor for the SBR is JWB. JWB is the most preferred confuseing for upcoming professionals and companionableites between the ages of 18- 35 which is also the same target audience that angostura is also seeking subsequently for SBR. The JWB has been able to captivate this market after(prenominal) persistent years of active marketing strategies over the last 10 years and how they have positioned the product in the wits of this target pigeonholing. Angostura have effected that this target group will be the future leaders of the country and decided to focus SBR on this target audience. There are many marketing strategies that they may have evaluated to deliver the best woo to reach with this group. But from o bservations and analysis it can be determined that they may have adopted the contest strategy whereby they develop a strategy that is similar to the market leader (JWB) and try to capitalise on it. This strategy is effective because it tends to feed off the heartiness or success of the market leader. However it can be safely said that the strategy that they adopted to allow them maximum mileage and infiltrate the market without much hindrance is between the market penetration or product development strategy out of the Ansoff Matrix. The market penetration would be a desirable strategy to adopt because it contributes to the increase in market share and it is a great growth strategy as it contributes to the increase usage of the product. The marketing pleat that angostura used for SBR used can support the justification of the market penetration strategy. They implemented extensive advertising via newspapers, billboards, radio and event sponsorships. They flooded the market with th e SBR adverts aggressively targeting scotch featurely JWB. The pricing strategy that they also used would allow the product to penetrate the market because it was cheaper than the competitor making it more inexpensive and attractive to the consumers.The product development strategy may have been more align to the general strategy, and it justifies by producing a high pure tone rum for its consumer and then the reason for an entire repositioning of the product. SBR was given a drastic change from the bottle to the way it was presented to the public. The packaging of the bottle improved to a sleeker smooth and racy look that would to appeal to the specific target group as its similar to the shapes of their competitors in the market. These changes were slowly introduced to the country using the BOLD concept to explain the approach that they adapted. The marketing mix that they used supported this by the use of having a launch event to introduce the new packaging of the SBR .This was then was supported by intensive print and billboards advertisements describing the shape and look of the bottle. The ads also describe the flavour of the rum and why its better than the scotch. Angostura can be deemed to seek a type of innovation in implementing this strategy and introducing a forgotten secret from their distillery. This product is not a new product as it has been in existence for at least 4 years and it was not marketed to the public. It was the decision of the previous CEO to share this secret with the public rather than having it on their shelves that the House of Angostura as an ornament collecting dust. Mr Yip Choy felt that the product deserved and audience and this was the catalyst that began the introduction of a new old product into the lives of alcohol consumers of Trinidad and Tobago.Angostura have core competences that they can use to their advantage to give them the competitive edge over their competitors. Core competences such as they have the gri nd readily available to them as they have highly skilled staff to produce these rums. They have the history of the company which is known to produce high quality products, that have received world class awards and they dont have the to pay excessive taxes to instant an finished intimatelys compared to the competitors who are faced with high taxes and duties that they need to pay to import a finished product into the country and pass on these cost to the consumers.In analysing the strategy a random survey was conducted online to measure the effectiveness of the campaign to date. The results of this survey is discussed below .Based on the results from the survey it can be assumed that the strategy has not been totally effective. They have been able to develop a password or buzz about SBR that probably led to a considerable amount of persons trying the product at bars, clubs, events where ever the product was available after its mega launch and print intensive campaign. The target group for this campaign is one of an elite nature. The target audience for SBR are males who are within the age group of 25-35 years old who are professional or upcoming managers, who live in urban or well developed areas. Their income ranging between -20k 30 k per month belonging in the social class of A and B. This target audience tends to be the trendsetters of the new generation the mangers, the upcoming executives, leading accountants, and the influential bulk within the society. There is some concern if this is the ideal age group that Angostura should be focussing their strategies to as with this audience they are seasoned and have peculiar and specific needs and they really change unless influence by something very drastic. Also to note that Angostura will have a big challenge to persuade all ready established scotch drinkers to switch to rum because it two different types of alcohol . However with this new strategy that they have employed it may be successful.Their marke ting strategy also consist of a branding strategy which conveys the entire image and direction of the brand so that the target audience can relate and create a connection with the product. The brand strategy is a part of the marketing strategy because this is responsible for the positioning the brand and the other attributes of the brand. This will play a significant role into the development of this strategy because of the target audience and the competitor that they are going up against they need to have a very fierce and aggressive strategy to accomplish this feat. In analysing the brand profile it can be assumed that the carry Identity Prism created by Jean-Nol Kapferer model was used to develop this framework. Physical Facet of SBR- Simple packaging, smooth taste, sweet aroma premium rum dark rich colour Brand personality -Rich, complete, Independent and distinguished Customer Reflection It entices the consumers palate , satisfies them, helps them re-calibrate Customer Self Image-Discerning, Unique, part of a conduct group and well educatedThe image of the brand has to be well positioned as to have great influence over the target audience. Some of the attributes of the brand that were indicated above do apply to how the consumer drinking it wants to be seen because they are image driven because of the status that they hold within society. They mostly associate themselves with products that are align to the character. SBR have the necessary brand profiles that twill meet the needs of the target audience. Angostura has positioned the product as a premium product to compete with JWB which is also positioned in that bracket. It is imperative that the Angostura Ltd employ active and aggressive tactics to persuade this group because what they are trying to do is a drastic switch of a consumers taste. From this strategy it was also observed that Angostura is trying to influence consumers behaviours by providing facts and additional information about the dist illing process about rum and scotch to convince the consumers to switch. It can be deemed that they use the black box model to influence this change of behaviour. The concept of the model is that it suggests consumers will respond in particular ways to different stimuli after they have processed those stimuli in their minds. These messages were conveyed in their ads such as Because Spirits mature faster in warm climates a 5 year old rum has a better aged flavour than a much older scotch.Age has nothing to do with maturity. Statements like this will cause the consumer to think and processed the stimuli in their minds.Alcohol Sales In Trinidad Tobago alcohol is associated with most rituals or events because the culture is a celebrating and socializing culture. When looking at the sales of alcohol it can be seen that sales continue to rise for the period of 2008-2010 even though the Governor of central bank stated that the country was going thru a depression. This statement was not a reality as it was seen that even though the economy was considered cash strapped the population was still purchasing these products as regular. The chart below, illustrates the sales within the alcohol industry over the past years. There was a slight decline in sales in 2007/ 2008 but from end 2008 the industry gained momentum and have increased and plateau till 2010. During this period of 2007 2009 Trinidad Tobago was considered to be going thru a decline in economic practise other known as a recession and according to philosophy, goods of this nature tends to increase in a recession as these products are used as a way of comforting due to financial hardship. Most consumers had switch brands and purchase a cheaper brand which gave them more value for their money. During this period beers such as Carib and Stag had significantly increased during this recession and posed a threat to AngosturaTable 1Yearly litre cases in 000sSpirits200520062007200820092010Rum513.5525.9502.14975014 97Vodka27.7529.53133.536.6537.85Scotch207238.5240.5244.9224.7211.65Beer395400420438452465Source IWSR 2010At this present time Trinidad Tobago is said to be experience an increase in productivity which indicates there is an increase in disposable income. An increase in disposable income leads to increase purchases of items that are not necessities such as alcohol. Angostura would have accessed these conditions when developing their strategy to influence consumption. The sales of SBR have increase significantly for 2009 where only 250 bottles were sold compared to 2010 where they sold 4594 bottles . The sales in 2010 could have increase significantly due to the launch, events and high level of awareness that was make passing for the period of September to December. This is a good sign for the brand as it show that there is a possible market for the product.Johnnie Walker Strategy JWB marketing strategy can be determined to be an aggressive strategy but through a focus approached. Th ey use world-class marketing capabilities to combine with flair and agility to delight consumers with both a trusted brand favourites and the introduction of new and exciting innovations. JWB thrives on innovation as they believe thats the way to the consumers especially with all the available technology .They have also adopted a Premiumization strategy which position it as an elites product which is what Angostura has implemented with the SBR.JWB has put a lot of emphasis on testing different aspects of the marketing mix so that they can understand what the consumers wants when advertising or on-premise or digital. They have clearly identified who their target audience and have developed the necessary strategies to consume this group. The clientele that they are chasing after are discriminating just like the SBR so they have developed a framework within their strategy to attract this audience which is known as FACE. (Flair, Agility, Customer central and Evolving) These are the w atch words that they use to effectively acquire and maintain their customer base. This strategy has been proven to be effective because the sales of this product have increase continuously year after year. Table 2Scotch Yearly litre cases in 000s in Trinidad Tobago Brand20052006200720082009JWB2629293640Black White3035333634Dewars White Label6.857.858.158.257.75Chivas Regal44.84.9553Source IWSR ReportJohnnie Walker campaign is as less aggressive print wise but they capitalize on digital and relationship make in their campaigns and this is how they execute the FACE frame work. Flare is particularly important in this category because consumers care about it. Every time they select a brand theyre making a statement about themselves its not about functional performance.The brand has flair in the way they execute the ads, the promotion they way they present the product to the consumer, it is executed in a manner thats appeals to the target audience that distinguishes itself from the ot hers. They have implemented campaigns that are fully integrated campaign crossways multiple channels, above the line and below the line that motivates and engages consumers and builds affinity and loyalty for the brand. They also use a premium pricing strategy to position the product as a high end product that distinguishes from the other brands.Analysis of survey A survey was carried out online to evaluate several issues and the effectiveness of the campaign. The exemplification size of 100 was used ground on a random sampling where 73 % percent of the respondents were male and 27 % female of which 75 % were the worthy age profile for SBR. Based on the educational background profile that meets the criteria of SBR 58% of the respondents had a degree or even higher qualification which meets the profile. This is based on the profile given on the brand profile for SBR. In the survey questions were asked to get the factual, felling and emotional statements about the product and thei r experiences. When asked the question if they have every tasted the single barrel rum 69.2% indicated that they have but when asked if they will drink the drink again 34% said no ,while 40.3% indicated that they may try it . This is not positive signs for SBR as they want to stimulate repeat purchase as this is what will take the product to the pinnacle to surpass scotch. range 1Figure 2When asked how they found out about the product the most popular responses were from word of mouth and TV. However the word of mouth can only happen because someone saw an ad. From my interview with Ms De la Rosa VP marketing Manager, she indicated that part of the strategy was to create a conversation and buzz about the products, it can be said that they achieved this because of the percentage of persons were informed by word of mouth. It can also said that the aggressive print campaign which included newspapers and billboards contributed to this discussion, but some of the comments about the ads were not that compliment as some of the respondents indicated that the ads were not that appealing.Figure 3The art of marketing is to influence ones behavior to try a new product and this is done by creating a strategy utilizing the marketing mix and tactics that that will appeal to the target audience that will encourage them to try the product . During the Christmas and carnival 2011 Single barrel rum is in most if not all of the events promoting the rum in an attempt to push the product on the consumers and maintain awareness. However this strategy may not have been the contributing factor that influenced persons to try the drink as the main reason for trying it was quirk and friends. When new products arrive in the market people are hesitant to try it unless they are heavily influence by some factor, they tend not to come out of their safety net. But recommendations by peers have can influence their behavior as they will trust their friend who has endorsed the product. The ads that appeared would have contributed in some way but it was not a major influence.The product was introduced received some great reviews for its new shape an packing as this was one of the highest ranking issues that the audience like about the product . The taste was the leading choice of what they like about the product. The new taste is differently and it seems to be a key ingredient for this product. Angostura has used the taste to clearly justify their existence and why scotch should be a second option to that brand. This taste can be used as their competitive advantage along with the health benefits for consuming those beverages.The brand attributes associated was not communicated because when asked how they felt about the drink or association with the brand 60% said they felt nothing and another 20 % felt refreshing. The brand has specific attributes associate with the image of the product, feelings of independence, noteworthy, leader, trendsetter are the some of the words as sociated with the brand. It can be determined that it may be too early in the products awareness cycle for these attitudes to be conveyed in the targets audience mind but, with fierce and persistent competition on the outside. From the 100 respondents it can be clearly stated that the marketing /advertising campaign was effective as overall 65% found that the campaign was good or excellent. This is a very good rating for the company and their agency, but the campaign being a good one may not translate into the figures that the company would like for their sales because the overall objective for the campaign is to increase the sales of the SBR and move into the market share of the scotch market. Figure 4In the survey it was important to find out what the public thinks about rum so questions were asked to get this rating. The leading drink to be a first choice was scotch. Rum was 3rd fourth choice to beer and wine. Angostura has tried to influence the target audience to switch the u se of rum as a first preference. This change is a behavior change that they need to address to get the target audience to switch. When asked why they like this preferred drink the most favorite response was taste. Taste is important to the consumer as a result Angostura can look at this capitalizing on the taste to gain an edge over their competitors.Table 3When socialising what is your preferred drink of choice? Answer Options1st2nd3rd4th5th6thScotch/Whiskey22167441Rum9613976Vodka7101112113Beer1117111021wine-colored971010143Other424226Digital MarketingIn the 21 century where there is so much different technology and ways for communication and reaching a target audience a company should utilise the. In 2007 Heineken decided to create a marketing campaign that would rejuvenate its brand among Puerto Rican youth, it recognized that 30-second TV spots and other forms of tralatitious media would not be the most effective means of reaching its target audience. Instead, the company seize d upon the architecture of the online world to build a powerful, interactive virtual origination named Heineken City . They were able to fuse the digital world along with the traditional media to develop a campaign. From research conducted for this paper it was concluded that Angostura has not utilized these digital marketing tools to their advantage to date and these tools are used by the target audience on a regular basis. They have access on a daily basis as they are have it available to them at home , in the office or on the go on their Smartphones such as blackberry and iphones. Campaigns like this one are transforming the nature of advertising in the digital age. Today, alcohol brands are promoting their products across a wide spectrum of new platform from social networks to mobile phones to immersive, virtual communities. This marriage of communications and commerce has benefited from a perfect storm of converging developments the rise of a world(prenominal) generation of Internet-savvy users the growing capability to access online content at any hour, especially through mobile devices powerful new digital marketing platforms such as Facebook, Google, and YouTube and the growing sophistication and power of both online advertising techniques and the companies that offer them.Angostura has only utilised YouTube to upload two of their TV ads and no presence of a facebook page. Their immediate competitor JWB, have developed extensive tactics utilising the digital world. They have developed mobile applications for Smartphones, they have utilised all the social media which includes facebook and twitter to keep their customer current on all promotion and events that are happening with the brand. They have embraced the technology and expanded on it using it to the

Natural Treatments Better Than Conventional Products English Language Essay

Natural Treatments Better Than Conventional Products English Language EssayI advise that you start with The Alum stacks Topical Solution treatment found at the fetchning of topographic point Cooked lashings Treatments. This treatment occasions a highly pissed natural astringent (a substance that contracts the tissues or send wordals of the body, in that respectby diminishing discharges, as of mucus or blood) that ordain shrink your piless and set you well on the means to success.Hemorrhoids ar defined as an itching or unhingeful mass of dilated veins in swollen anal tissue. Some of the symptoms are itching, pain, stumblebum and release in the anus. They are ca utilize by straining when having a bowel movement due to constipation or pregnancy.With the m any home remedies visible(prenominal), you can fin on the wholey trash the breeding H, pads and medications that only provide minimally temporary relief for what feels to be excruciating and eternal torture. When the discomfort begins, you dont hope short-term relief, you need a permanent firmness of purpose that impart relinquish your hemorrhoid issues to history, once and for-all. there are home remedies for scarce about everything from toenail fungus, to sunburn, and the distressful and agitating affliction of hemorrhoids.Tried and square(a) home remedies, more or less use by the pi unitaryers of our coun furnish, can safely resolve most ailments without harmful side proceedings. They are very cost effective as well, which is great to go through with the current charge for prescription medications.Effective doesnt confine to equal expensive. Your own struggle is likely to hand been costly and unsatisfying if you are still searching for different means to soothe your hemorrhoid flare-ups.Dont crack up when all of the methods prescribed by your bushel slang failed. The replys outlined in this book are ways that have been used by many people throughout the ages with success. With this information, it is finally sequence to discover the treatment that impart mesh for you.What hazards Natural Treatments Better Than Conventional Products?Simply, its the ingredients. intimately of the common hemorrhoid products on the market, like pills, creams and suppositories are made with chemicals that can have adverse side effects. lieu effects such as diarrhea, nausea or/and headache. Why take whateverthing that is handout to make you feel charge worse than you already do?homeopathic or natural products dont have any adverse side effects. Also remember that natural remedies, non only treat, entirely as well as cure hemorrhoids, bit the chemical based products only temporarily jockstrap your hemorrhoids. If you use a natural remedy, then you dont have to worry about having surgery and the risks and complications that go with it. once you find the natural remedy that works for you, then you never have to worry about hemorrhoids again. Healing and curing your hemorrhoids has a lot to do with the ingredients that you enthrone into your body. Are you looking for a temporary solution, or are you are looking for a cure for your hemorrhoids?As we forget talk about later, becharm Hazel, Butchers Broom and horse chestnut, as well as former(a) natural remedies, are the prevailing ingredients to fix your hemorrhoids herbally. So lets look at the the ingredients in some of the popular brands that you can bargain at your local pharmacy or drug breed.Venapro charm Hazel, horse cavalry Chestnut, St. Marys Thistle, Stone Root, Krameria Mapato, Arnica Montana, Muriatic Acid and Fluoride of Lime.Hem-Relief Witch Hazel Leaf, horse cavalry Chestnut and Ginger RootAvatrol Horse Chestnut, Arginine, Oat Straw, Cascara Sagrada, Bilberry, Butchers Broom, Mullein, Cayenne and Zinc.Homeopathic remedies that you can try are Bryonin (a bitter principle obtained from the outset of the Bryony plant), ribgrass (Buckthorn is considered a last resort treatm ent for constipation, or in cases where soft stool is desirable such as with hemorrhoids), Aloe and Dandelion.All of these can be used for constipation or hemorrhoids and can be found at your local health food inject.So it should be obvious, none of the natural ingredients will give you any bad side effects. Be that as it may, looking at the ingredients in facility H or Tucks, no matter what type these medications have a go at it in, such as gels, foams, pads, ointments, suppositories or creams, you should be worried about the ingredients that are in these medications like corticosteroids, vasoconstrictors, analgesics, anesthetics, and antiseptics. A vasoconstrictor called Phenlephrine is one of the main ingredients in Preparation H, which increases blood pressure.Some of the other ingredients are Shark Liver Oil, mineral Oil and Petrolatum. These are protective ingredients. Ask your doctor before buying any of these temporary fix medications, especially if you have heart diseas e, diabetes, high blood pressure and/or thyroid disease because the side effects could be contraindicative.Most over the counter or OTC medications that you can buy at your local pharmacy or super market are made up of mostly inactive ingredients like additives, petrochemicals, colorings and dyes. Be aware of what you are putting in or on your body.Lets look at the ingredients in a Tucks Pad. Although Witch Hazel makes up 50% of the ingredients, the other 50% are inactive ingredients which are Propulparaben, Water, Alcohol, Sodium Citrate, Citric Acid, Glycerin, Methylparaben, Propylene Glycol, and Diazolidinyl.Tucks Suppositories 51% Topical starch and 49% inactive ingredients Hydrogenated Vegetable Oil, Tocopheryl Acetate and Benzol Alcohol. Anusol Suppositories Active ingredients are Pramoxine HCl and Zinc Sulfate Monohydrate. The non-active ingredients are Mineral Oil, Paraben, Calcium Phosphate, OTeth-2 and Petroleum.Anusol Cream consists of Balsam Peru, Bismuth Oxide and Zinc Oxide as the active ingredients. Methyl Hydroxybenzoate, Glycerol Monosterate, Titanium Dioxide, Liquid Paraffin, Sorbitan, Stearate and Water make up the inactive ingredients.The active ingredients in Tucks Ointment are Hydrochloride, Peruvian Balsam, Pramoxine and Mineral Oil. The inactive ingredients are Glycerol Monostearate, Kaolin and Benzl Benzoate.These are just a few of the common over the counter, medications. retri exceptory look at the ingredients and decide what you want to put into your body.All of these are chemical based, quick-fix medications. Wouldnt you prefer natural and safe ingredients? Just because there is a long list of ingredients does not make the product better, safer or more effective. The safe and reliable ingredients found in homeopathic and herbal solutions for hemorrhoids are the right ingredients for you.Less is more when it comes to homeopathic and herbal solutions and in the long run, they are better for you. Now that you have all of the informat ion, you decide which is better.You Dont Know Squat?Since we are talking about the cure and prevention of hemorrhoids, there is one thing I would like to mention that I bet you never heard, or even thought of. One thing you can do for yourself in eliminating the problem of painful hemorrhoids is to change your position when you are having a bowel movement.Im sure that when you feel the urge to have a bowel movement, you just go to the restroom and sit right down and begin your business. Why not? Its the way you have been doing it since you were rear end trained as a child. Its the commonplace position to sit in to those who arent cavemen or cavewomen, wiping their butts with leaves.Should you sit or squat when you are using the restroom? Does it really matter? It has been proven after all these years of going to the bathroom. We find out now that we have been doing it all wrong.Really? by and by all the years following the invention of the toilet seat, we dont even know how to us e the restroom the right way? And because of this, we are prone to problems that hurt our bodies. Problems such as hemorrhoids, Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS), prostate and colorectal crab louse are a few.All of this is because we sit like kings and queens on the toilet throne, instead of squatting. I know what you are thinking, but its true, squatting. I know it sounds weird and seems like it would be uncomfortable when you are doing what you do in the restroom.So lets look at the benefits of squatting. After this, youll have to go through potty training all over again just to know how to squat. While you are sitting all comfy and cozy on your throne, its difficult to sympathize how you are hurting yourself.Sitting causes you to strain because the anal canal is all bent out of shape. It is supposed to be in a straight line. deformation dapple youre constipated is what causes the hemorrhoid problem. If you squat, it puts the anal canal in the straight position as it is supposed to be. This eliminates all the grunting and groaning from straining.Believe it or not, sitting to have a bowel movement causes all types of things to go wrong inside your body. Squatting will eliminate these problems. Squatting is a natural prevention for hemorrhoids and other medical problems when it comes to the lower digestive system.All you have to do now is learn the benefits of squatting instead of sitting. Try it out. It will help prevent hemorrhoids. If you try all of the remedies in this book, you will find a combination that will work for you and end your frustration with hemorrhoids.Give it a shot. Because all of these options are natural, you can experiment all you want and not worry about any harmful side effects. You will find a remedy that is right for you.Home Cooked Hemorrhoid TreatmentsIm going to introduce you to an old family remedy that has been created using eastern medical practices. We call it The Alum Hemorrhoid Topical Solution and it is based on the Alum C rystal. It can be found in the form of several different compounds.Alum powder is simply the ground up version of the crystals. cranesbill is a plant based powder with uniform astringent properties that can be substituted for Alum.You can buy Alum for a low price in most Asian countries. It is hardly ever used in the west, but isnt difficult to find in Asian markets around the U.S. and on-line. Cranesbill is indigenous to uniting America.All you have to do is dissolve some of the Alum crystals, Alum powder or Cranesbill into a very arduous solution, then store it in a jar. Mix the Alum crystal, Alum powder or Cranesbill with doting water, in a jar, at a ratio of one to five.For example, if you use one scoop of the crystals, then mix in it with five scoops of warm water. The size of the scoop is going to depend on how much you want to make. Youre going to use approximately one ounce per day, so a pint will last you about two weeks.Stir it occasionally to help step on it up dis solution. Once fully dissolved, you will have a very concentrated solution. Whenever you need it just take a couple of teaspoons out and make a diluted solution that you can then wash your anal rectal theater on the outside.Mix 2 or 3 teaspoons of the concentrated solution into a pan filled with enough water that you can sit in and soak your butt. This is a highly diluted solution. It needs to be because Alum and Cranesbill are quite strong and, as you know, your anus is very sensitive.Do this for five minutes at least two times per day, normally once in the morning and once at night. Three times a day could work better if you arent too sensitive to the solution.Your hemorrhoids can begin to shrink in as little as 4 to 5 sessions (about 2 age), but sometimes it can take up to several days before the effects are noticeable.The solution is not to be used inwroughtly its a topical solution. The astringent solution is actually lessen your hemorrhoid. The shrinking of the hemorrhoid means that it is returning to its proper condition and is what causes the bleeding to chequer.This is one of the most powerful solutions for curing hemorrhoids. You should use this method in conjunction with the other relief methods talked about in The Hemorrhoids Solution to maximize your healing power.thither are two general practices that should be adhered to while using The Alum Hemorrhoid Topical Solution along with the other remedies that are mentioned in the book.First of all, try not to be forceful when having a bowel movement. Straining puts luxuriant pressure on the anus and irritates hemorrhoids. Avoiding this and writeing the pressure off will help alleviate your hemorrhoids. This is especially true for hemorrhoids due to constipation and pregnancy. Please dont strain while youre trying to have a bowel movement.Next, after you have a bowel movement, take a warm sitz bath to clean and relax your anus. If this is not possible, use some toilet paper dipped in warm water to thoroughly clean your anus.This is a necessary practice to solemnize your hemorrhoids from fit inflamed while following the additional treatments.We will discuss feed later in the book, but along with The Alum Hemorrhoid Topical Solution, diet is especially helpful if your hemorrhoids bleed frequently.Sweet potatoes, a vegetarian only diet, and a minimum of 8-10 grouches of water per day are the way to go until the bleeding stops. Sweet potatoes and yams are an excellent source of fiber.Eat at least 4 servings of fruits and vegetables per day. Avoid meats and any products containing wheat. Also, stay away from artificial sweeteners, such as those in diet sodas. They are indigestible and can aggravate constipation. Natural sugars and fruits are alright.You need to keep your stool soft and give those bleeding hemorrhoids time to heal. So you need to get yourself onto a very strict diet for a little while. This is VERY important.Combine this with the other methods in this book and your hemorrhoids will stop bleeding. So take these methods to heart, and your hemorrhoid problems should settle down and disappear.The next home cooked remedy is the Formula 44 Hemorrhoid Compress.Ingredients1 tsp (teaspoon) of crushed Calendula1tsp of goldenseal powder1tsp Peppermint leaf3 cups of waterOne half cup of Witch HazelDirectionsCover the water and herbs and bring them to a boil. After you turn off the heat, let the mixture saturate the water for 20 minutes. Then save the liquid and disregard the rest.After the mixture has cooled off, add another(prenominal) 1/2 cup of witch hazel. Find a clean cloth, soak in the liquid, wring out and then fool to your hemorrhoid. You can absorb this as lots as necessary.Here is a list of remedies that will work within an hour limit 3-4 tablespoons of raw cranberries into a blender. Take a tablespoon of the mingle cranberries and wrap them into a cheese cloth. Put this against your anus and keep it in place with some snug fitting underwear. After about an hour, supersede the compress with a new one. You can do this twice per day. Geranium and Lavender- Mix 2 drops of Geranium oil, 2-3 drops of lavender oil and 1 ounce of almond oil into a dark bottle with a dropper top. Shake the mixture well. Apply a few drops to your anus using your finger or a cotton ball. There is an over the counter product called Liquid Lecithin. Apply some of this solution to your hemorrhoid 1-2 times per day until you have relief. Make a wash solution using lobelia extract, baptisia extract and zinc sulfate for itching and swelling. Combine these ingredients in water. example equal arrays of all ingredients. After you mix everything, use it to wash the affected area. Blend sulfur and vaseline and apply to your hemorrhoids 2-3 times per day. Apple Cider Vinegar will keep your hemorrhoids from bleeding. Add 2 tsp of the vinegar to a glass of water and drink with each meal. Also you can add the vinegar to a cotton ball and apply dir ectly to your hemorrhoids. If itching and pain is your problem, try applying extract of Echinacea directly to your hemorrhoids.Soothing Ointments and SalvesOintments and salves can be applied directly to the anus and provide soothing relief. There are many available thar are made from all-natural ingredients. Comfrey Herbal Salve The ingredients in this salve include comfrey root, St. John Wart flower and bud, Calendula Flower, Plantain Leaf, Chickweed herb and Mullein Leaf.For this method to work you need to clean the area and then put the salve on the anus or slightly into the rectum. You will want to do this before you go to sleep at night.You can do this for 6 days, stop on day 7 and then repeat on the eighth day. Take one week off after using this treatment for 6 weeks in a row and keep the salve refrigerated. Veri-Gone Salve occasion this for minor cases of hemorrhoids. The ingredients include Witch Hazel, Echinacea Extract, Calendula Extract, Chamomile Essentials Oil, Alco hol and distilled water. Ghee-Turmeric Salve Mix 2 tsp of Ghee (a manikin of liquid butter, used especially in the preparedness of India, made from the milk of cows or buffaloes and clarified by boiling) with half a tsp of Turmeric Powder.Apply directly onto your hemorrhoids at bedtime. Use this for 3 nights in a row and then stop for 2 nights. Continue with this pattern until your hemorrhoids are gone. Bay Berry, Goldenseal Root, Myrrh and discolour Oak blended as salves work just as well, if not better than the expensive over the counter hemorrhoid medications that you can buy at your local drug store or pharmacy. Zinc Oxide Ointment Works as an astringent, antiseptic and as an antibacterial agent. You can buy this product at any pharmacy. It is used to keep your hemorrhoids dry and reduces itching. You can use this often and especially before you go to sleep. Pilewort Ointment An astringent that will stop bleeding hemorrhoids. Apply to your immaterial hemorrhoid at bedtime and never use internally. Calendula Ointment This will reduce inflammation and has a soothing affect. You can apply this directly to your hemorrhoids as often as needed. It is an antibacterial as well as an astringent product that stops the bleeding of your hemorrhoids. Fel Ursi Hemorrhoid Ointment An herbal ointment that will unbosom your symptoms. Musk Hemorrhoid Ointment Relieves the burning associated with hemorrhoids. Fargelin Extra Strength for bleeding hemorrhoids.Relief Using Pills, Capsules and SuppositoriesWe talked about salves and ointments to treat your hemorrhoid symptoms. Now lets talk about some pills and capsules that you can buy over the counter to help relieve your symptoms. All of these products can be ordered on line or you can buy them at your local health food store or Chinese Herbal Therapy store.With all of this information to cure your hemorrhoid symptoms at your disposal, Preparation H and or surgery are not your only options. There are so many safe and natural remedies for you to try before deciding to go through painful surgery.Relieving your hemorrhoid symptoms can be as easy as taking a few natural pills or capsules with a glass of water. Some of the most popular products out there that you can buy are 100% natural. Hemorrhoid Therapy Capsule One of the most popular products used to stop bleeding, reduce swelling and inflammation and cut back pain.Sanguisorba, Coptis Root, Mistletoe and Chrysanthemum Flowers are the ingredients. Just take 3 capsules 3 times a day. Hemorrhoid Quick Peace Tablet You can use this medication on either internal, or external hemorrhoids, or both. This medication will loosen up your bowel movement, stop pain and bleeding, and reduce swelling.Ampelopis Root, Sophora Flower, Sumac Gullnut, Black Bean and Pigs Bile are the ingredients in this product. The normal regimen is 4 tablets, 3 times every day. Phergelin An all-natural herbal remedy in capsule form for hemorrhoid prevention and treatment. This product will help eliminate discomfort such as itching, burning, and bleeding.Take 1-2 capsules in the morning and in the evening with water for a 3 week period. Hemorrhoid symptoms may become a part of your daily life until you deal with them.It can provide essential herbal nutrients to your body to help ease bowel movements and ease the cause of the pain. Strengthening the internal veins, it will remove the root of the problem and help you remove the stress caused by your hemorrhoids.Frankincense, Myrrh resin, Tangkwei root, Japanese pagoda tree flower, Garden burnet root, Hairyvein agrimonia whole plant, Sanchi root and Honeysuckle flower are the active ingredients in this product. Hemorrhoid Calming Tablet It calms the burning sensations and alleviates dryness associated with hemorrhoids. Take 3-4 tablets, 3 times per day.Consists of sanguisorba, biota leaf, genus Sophora flower, tangkuei, scutellaria, white peony root. Yunnan Notoginseng Capsule This medication can be u sed for several complaints such as removing blood stasis, stopping bleeding, quickening blood circulation, alleviating pains, detoxification and reducing swelling.It can be used in treatment for traumatic injury, stagnated blood and oncotic pains, spitting blood, hemoptysis, hematochezia, hemorrhoid hemorrhage, metrorrhagia, metrostaxia, suppurative infection on body surface and pyogenic infections, contusion of soft tissues, closed fracture, hemoptysis of bronchiectasis and pulmonary tuberculosis, hemorrhage of peptic ulcer and infection diseases of skin. Take 1-2 capsules 4 times per day. Venapro Treatment for hemorrhoids does not subscribe to a prescription from a doctor. Since it is all natural, you do not have to worry about any side effects.It promotes the flow of blood to the rectal area and relieves pain associated with hemorrhoids. It also treats damaged tissue and lubricates sensitive parts.The active ingredients in Venapro are Witch Hazel, Horse Chestnut, St. Marys This tle, Stone Root, Krameria Mapato, Arnica Montana, Muriatic Acid and Fluoride of Lime.You can get Venapro by clicking on the following link http//thehemorrhoidssolution.com/recommends/venapro Avatrol An all-natural supplement that you can use for the uncomfortable symptoms of hemorrhoids. It is a treatment that can be used to help with any kind of hemorrhoids.In fact, one of the biggest advantages of this treatment is its versatility. There are many treatments for hemorrhoids that only have the ability to help hemorrhoids of one particular type or form, but this one can do it all. It will eliminate pain, swelling, bleeding and that irritating itching.The ingredients are Horse Chestnut, Arginine, Oat Straw, Casara Sagrada, Bilberry, Butchers Broom, Mullein, Cayenne and Zinc. Hem-Relief Another all natural product that will help to reduce swelling and inflammation, along with healing anal tissue is called.3 simple ingredients that make up Hem-Relief are Witch Hazel Leaf, Horse Chestn ut Leaf and Ginger Root.There are other remedies as well, other than pills and capsules. You may have been prescribed suppositories or granule medications by your doctor that caused you to have adverse side effects. Well, here are some all natural suppositories and granule products that dont have those harsh side effects. Mayinglong Musk Hemorrhoid Suppository It goes straight to the source of the problem and reduces pain, swelling and bleeding. To use this product, simply insert the suppository into the rectum 2 times per day. Try this once in the morning and once in the evening.The ingredients in this suppository are Synthetic Musk, Bezoar, Pearl, Borneol, Notoginseng, Chinese Gall and Calamine. Hemorrhoid-Transforming Suppository This product will stop bleeding, relieve pain, diminish inflammation, resolve toxins and promotes contractions.This product can be used for internal or external hemorrhoids. Just like the last suppository mentioned this product can be used up to two ti mes per day.Ingredients Flavescent sophora root, phellodendron bark, datura flower and borneol.If you dont like the mood of pushing something up into your rectum, you can also try medications in the form of granules. These are supplements that can be mixed with water or food.Hemorrhoid-Inflammation-Disappearing Granule Will stop bleeding and constipation, reduce swelling and inflammation and ease your hemorrhoid pain.To take this herbal remedy just mix 1-2 tsp of the granules in a glass of warm water. Drink this solution 3 times per day.The ingredients in this product are Capillaris, Bitter Orange, Notoginseng, Honey Suckle, Sanguisorba Root, Hemp Seed, Beauty-berry Leaf, Sophora Flower, Peony Root and Capillaris.You can also use garlic and onion plant as a suppository. This method will reduce inflammation and swelling, eliminate bacteria and strengthen the veins in your anus.Cut the onion to match the same size of the garlic clove. Insert the garlic and onion slightly into the re ctum just before going to bed. Leave them there until morning when you have your regular bowel movement and they will come out automatically. Only use this method if bleeding is NOT one of your symptoms.Aloe Vera There are so many things you can use fresh aloe for and hemorrhoids is one of them. Use the aloe directly from the plant. Also you can cut the aloe into strips and freeze them in a Tupperware or similar container.After they get cold, take one aloe strip and place into your anus for immediate releif. You can do this twice a day, morning and night, as long as your hemorrhoids arent inflamed. If so, then just wait for the swelling and pain to subside.Now that you have a pretty complete list of some all-natural products that you can buy at your local health food store, for more information on them just do an online search. That being said, if you dont have the time or money to spend on your hemorrhoid problem, you can use the most natural substance on the planet.Thats right, W ATER (frozen of course). Just chip or crack off a smallish piece of ice and use it like a suppository. It will relieve pain, swelling and bleeding. This will help alleviate your symptoms as it melts in your rectum. With this method you will notice that you are wetting up your underwear.It would be a good idea to find a product like an adult diaper to keep your clothes and sheets dry as you can do this process 5-6 times per day.Every single one of these products assists in eliminating your hemorrhoid symptoms. The dosages and ingredients are similar but different with each product.Also remember this while you are curing the problem of hemorrhoids, these same products that you have been taking with their natural ingredients are great in helping with other medical conditions as well. Pretty cool how one natural medication is a cure all for other problems tooSelf-Help Remedies and TipsThere are many other simple solutions made from easily obtainable items and herbs. Try a variety to se e what works best for you. Baby Wipes sealed with Witch Hazel It is very important to keep the problem area clean. You dont want to do this with hard, course toilet paper. One thing you should try is rape wipes soaked in witch hazel.Just go to your supermarket and buy some baby wipes, or any pre-moistened wipes and add a bottle of witch hazel. Use these to wipe your bottom every time you have a bowel movement. There is a really good chance that the witch hazel will take the pain and itching away. Lemon juice Just saturate a cotton ball with some real lemon juice. Wipe the hemorrhoid with the saturated cotton ball. This may tingle or burn just a little but this will go away immediately. It will without delay take away your itching and burning. Touch-Me-Not plant Boil this plant, it has been said that the vapors alone will help your hemorrhoids. Another thing you can do is make a paste of the leaves and apply directly to external hemorrhoids. Cayenne pepper extract For quick re lief of a hemorrhoid flare-up with bleeding, mix a teaspoonful of this, also called capsicum and a main ingredient in many pepper sauces, in a small glass of water and drink it. For many people, this will provide quick shrinkage and relief of the hemorrhoid. It acts to lower blood pressure and boost circulation, providing an almost instant calming effect on inflamed hemorrhoids. It doesnt work for everyone, but can be a powerful aid if it does. Cayenne and Garlic Mix the cayenne and garlic in warm water and use as an enema. You will experience almost instant relief.Liquids There are more liquids than just water that will help you. 3 tsp of Karele Juice in a glass of buttermilk every morning for a month should do the trick. Blend the juices of turnip leaves, watercress and spinach. Pour this blended concoction into a glass and drink away your hemorrhoids. Bananas Boil a ripe banana in a cup of milk and drink 3 of these per day.Herbal Solutions Some other herbal medications for yo ur hemorrhoid problem are (you will notice some of these have been mentioned often) Barberry, Witch Hazel, Horse Chestnut, Slippery Elm, Butchers Brew, White Oak Bark, Mango Seeds and White radish are good do it yourself home remedies for hemorrhoids. Olive Oil They say that an apple a day keeps the doctor away, well a tablespoon of Olive Oil each morning will help keep your hemorrhoids away. Onions and Honey Slice the onion and mix with honey. Put this mixture on a pad and put it directly on your hemorrhoid for 3 hours. This will give you some comfort. Almond oil fiery up some almond oil and pour over a baby wipe or similar product and apply directly to area. levelheaded Results. Baking Soda and Water Create a paste and apply to your hemorrhoid to get rid of that pesky itching. Passion Fruit (4 grams) with water (one behind cup) Use on moist wipe or cloth when cleaning yourself. Goats milk, black mustard and sugar Blend these ingredients together and drink several times pe r day. This is especially helpful for bleeding hemorrhoids. Vitamin E Oil This product works with hemorrhoids as well as burns. Vaseline Apply a little bit of Vaseline to Q-tip and apply half an inch into the rectum. This will also ease your bowel movement and keep the stool from irritating the rectum or anus. Dont Scratch I know this is difficult, sometimes they just itch sooooo badly, but scratching your itchy hemorrhoids is bad because it can irritate the walls of the veins and make matters worse. Better to apply a calming salve to master the itch. No Heavy Lifting If you have to move anything heavy you really should have someone to help or do the heavy lifting for you. Also stay hap of strenuous exercise. Get yourself a Bidet A bidet is a low-mounted plumbing fixture or type of sink intended for washing the genitalia, inner buttocks, and anus. It is usually attached to your bathroom toilet. It leaves you clean and refreshed like sitting in a sitz bath.Some tipsAvoid heav y and/or spicy foods(except in the cas

Portrayal of Women in Media

Portrayal of Wo custody in MediaAre We Seeing Increased Sexualization of Wo workforce in Media?Feminists contest that public media contributes to coerciveness and versed assault toward wowork force as seen by the dominant presence of violence against women in all forms of media (Linz Malamuth, 1993). Adolescents have been resorting to popular entertainment for information round sex, drugs, alcohol and violence (Kaiser Family Foundation, 1999). Their preference for the more than than popular and accessible symphony goggle boxs has provides them with a good deal(prenominal) information. Analysis of Music Television (MTV) has shown that men appe ard nearly twice as frequently as women and engaged in significantly more aggressive, dominant behavior and women were shown as engaging in more implicitly sexual and subservient behavior. They were represent to be frequent objects of explicit, implicit and aggressive advances by men (Sommers-Flanagan, Sommers-Flanagan, Davis, 19 93). It is usual for women in these videos to be used as decorative objects, and lonesome(prenominal) a few videos show men and women ar treated equally (Vincent, Davis Boruszkowski, 1987). One record of media and sexuality revealed that exposure to MTV among college womanlys was the most powerful predictor of sexual permissiveness (Strouse Buerkel-Rothfuss, 1987). Likewise, in video games, a more sexist orientation course and graphic violence against women is getting prevalent. Overall, subject in various media such(prenominal) as television, video games, music videos communicates that women are to be objectified, sexualized, dominated, assaulted and even killed (Bretthauer, Zimmerman Banning, 2006).Evolving Standards of Womens BeautyStandards of womens peach keep on changing, with more recent standards emphasizing body proportions that are not normally seen on everyday women. Cusumano Thompson (1997) studied standards of womens beauty in cartridges over a 20-year pe riod. In Playboy magazine, the models were considered to epitomize the ideal female body shape. Bust and renal pelvis measurements as well as weights of the centerfolds were taken in the brush of 20 years (1959-1978) and mean weight of the centerfolds was observed to be signify antly lower than the average female for the same time period. An otherwise observation is a decrease in the centerfolds bust and hip measurements as the high gear of the models increased over the 20-year period. Consequently, an increase in the number of diet articles was seen in a number of womens magazines also in the same time span (Cusumano Thompson, 1997). Along with this, there was also a significant increase in the areas of weight loss, beauty, fitness and health. Fashion magazines contained more health and fitness articles than traditional magazines.In terms of body measurements, Thompson and Tantleff (1992) found that womens ideal breast size to be larger than their own current size. On top of th at, womens and mens concept of the societal ideal breast size was found to be even larger than the womens ideal size. This implies that media may have promoted types promote discrepancies between current and ideal perceptions of societal ideal sizes (Thompson Tantleff, 1992).Print MediaSex sells. That is something existence propagated by media. Hence in all kinds of media formats, images of alluring ladies showing more of their skin are being presented together with products being sold in the belief that the product will be more saleable. Magazines, in particular, have significantly increased the amount of sexual content not only in exhibiting sexualized womens images but also offering explicit sexual advice (Kim Ward, 2004). The message being conveyed by contemporary magazines with more a liberated nature is that sexually assertive women are prized creatures and if women want to be considered as such, they should follow the advice in the magazine articles.This is a time when the sexuality of young girls is being presented in an exploitative manner. Sexual agency and desire is highly promoted to them. In magazines like Cosmopolitan, though, womens sexual agency and aggressiveness are promoted within the confines of a relationship (Durham, 1996). What is ironic is that there is a strong emphasis for women to be sexually supple to please men, but not overtly sexual, as they still need to make men feel in control. They are expected to be sexually attractive to men in a way that promotes sexual desirability, but should keep their own desire concealed as they need to be pursued and not to be the predator (Durham, 1996, 1998 Garner et al., 1998). These magazines, then, can be seen as part of a cultural apparatus that purports to assist women to be heterosexually attractive, to be coy, alluring, sexy, and flirtatious, in order to find true love and to catch a man, and then to maintain his interest (Overall, 1999, p. 298).Mass medias dominant representation o f women is that they exist for mens satisfaction of their sexual fantasies (Wood, 1994). Cleo and Cosmopolitan magazines encourage women to be as sexual as they can be, making them available to satisfy mens sexual fantasies and desires. Although being able to provide sexual satisfaction for men may be a source of pleasure and power for women, it also reflects that women are reliant on men for their own self-image and power (Machin Thornborrow, 2003). Thus, repeatedly reading articles on how to give pleasure to men may promote womens insecure sexuality (Farvid Braun, 2006).Sex is promoted as a way to keep a man interested in a woman enough to stay in a relationship. Farvid Braun (2006) observe in Cleo and Cosmopolitan magazines that the ability of some women to provide great sex to men is essential in fulfilling not only mens sexual needs but womens relational needs as well. Cleo magazine advocates women to leave an impression where it counts in bed. These magazines project an im age of men as potential cheaters and great sex can keep them from straying. That is why women are advocated to learn the art of sexual pleasing to keep their men faithful.Krassas, Blaukamp Wesselink (2001) conclude that womens magazines communicate a paradoxical perspective of female sexuality in that women are encouraged to shed their traditional roles and become more independent trance they are pressured to find and sexually satisfy a man. Womens bodies are considered commodities and their independence allows them to use such commodities to their advantage and to maximize their food market value (Goldman, Heath Smith, 1991). Krassas, Blaukamp Wesselink (2001) also note that Cosmopolitan magazine may be the first to recognize women as sexual, at the same time, they are in the beginning sexual objects whose desire is fulfilled by allowing themselves to be treated as commodities that are sexually available to men and designed to attract men.How Women are envisioned in Advertis ingErving Goffman (1979) has studied positioning of women in advertisements and concluded that it mirrored their role in society. Goffman identified the models gaze to be measurable and suggested that women are usually sights to be gazed upon. How the woman is positioned in pictures have accorded meanings. Stereotypical poses such as the model gazing away from the camera and seem o freewheel off may be categorized as licensed withdrawal. Goffman describes a pattern in which women more often than men are visualize as removed psychologically from the social situation at large, leaving them unoriented in it, and presumably, therefore, dependent on the protectiveness and goodwill of others (Goffman, 1979, p. 57). Gestures suggesting licensed withdrawal are covering the face, sucking or biting fingers, averting ones head or eyes, shielding oneself behind an object or person, and leaning for turn out against another person. Contrarily, when the model gazes into the camera, it is an en gaging gaze engaging the viewer with a seductive look (Frith, Cheng Shaw, 2004).Goffmans category of feminine touch most often depicts women lightly caressing an object while men are depicted as grasping or using an object. Women are represent as more likely touching themselves such as resting their fingertips on their chin or neck (Goffman, 1979). Conveying a conventionalized expression of sexual availability (Goffman, 1979, p. 41), women are often pictured reclining on a floor or a bed, or canting a head or knee at an odd tilt that can be read as an acceptance of subordination, an expression of ingratiation, submissiveness, and appeasement (1979, p. 46).Other observations of Goffman regarding pictures of women and men together include men positioned as bigger or higher in the frame than women. This communicates differences in social status and dependency of women on men. Also, men are often portrayed as performing a function whereas women are merely decorative (Goffman, 1979).W omens bodies have been used to sell several advertised products. Walsh-Childers (1996) observed that photos of women in advertising usually focussed the readers eye on womens body parts such as the breasts. Soley and Kurzbad (1986) also observed that more and more sexual content became manifest since the mid-1980s as female nudity and erotic content became commonplace in contemporary U.S. advertising. Ms. Magazine published advertisements that increasingly portrayed women as sex objects in its first 15 years of publication. After it no longer ran such ads, Ms. Magazine upheld a position that explicitly embraced feminist orientation and spurned advertisements which were insulting to women. Ms. magazine established itself as an institutional prototype for the appropriate conduct of advertising to women (Ferguson et al., 1990, p. 41). Still, with this sup constitute precedent of championing for women in advertising, there hunt down ads depicting women as sex objects (Krassas, Blaukamp Wesselink, 2001).Cultural Differences in the Portrayal of Women in MediaWomen s depiction in media varies depending on their cultural background. Predominantly, women from western cultures are depicted to be more sexually open and less inhibited in showing their bodies and being associated with more sexually-suggestive themes. Frith, Cheng Shaw (2004) contend that in western cultures, women have acquired rights to flourish their bodies in public without fear of retribution or condemnation. These women have also claimed their right to take pleasure in their bodies. However, in the Middle East and in many parts of Asia, women are expected to dress modestly and demurely (Cheng, 1997).Portraying women as classic beauty types with demure dress across cultures is divided by Eastern and westerly cultures. When it comes to portraying women as sensual or sexy beauty types, though, a noticeable difference emerges. More often, such beauty type is used with western models suggesting that advertisers across cultures present western models as more sexually liberated than Asians (Frith, Cheng Shaw, 2004). The message conveyed is that western models are seen more as sex objects than Asian models.On the other hand, Asian models more likely portray the cute/girl-next-door beauty type (Maynard Taylor, 1999). One outcome of depicting women in such childish manner is diminishing their standing in society as full-fledged adults, thereby pitting them less than their male counterparts. Representations of women as strong, paid and independent individuals may be threatening to men, and since patriarchal ideology is mostly upholded in certain countries, advertisers avoid such portrayal of women (Frith, Cheng Shaw, 2004).In terms of womens roles, in Sweden, they are frequently portrayed as professionals while in the US, they are used more as decorative elements. Biswas et al. (1992) reported that sex salute was used more often in French advertising than in the US. Asian women are usually represented as actively working while US women are seen as relaxing at home. For example, Sengupta (1995) observed that in print advertisement, Japanese women were more likely to be shown as cooking, cleaning and doing other household chores (p. 329). However, in Japanese advertising, when women were portrayed in their professional roles, it is more often as entertainers or actresses (Cooper-Chen, 1995). Maynard Taylor (1999) also observed young Japanese models posed as cute or girlish (smiling and giggling), whereas Western models were posed with more serious expressions depicting a more defiant and independent image. This reflects various portrayals of women as they are seen in their culture. Swedish society may see women as capable professionals. American culture may view women as embellishments to lives made weaken by men. They may be the recipients of their mens compensation for hard work as they are shown enjoying life and occupy themselves in remaining beautiful . In Japan, women are seen as lower class citizens compared to men, and this shows in their advertisements. They are portrayed as domesticated and dependent on their men as compared to American women who are portrayed to e more independent.A models gaze in ads communicates various messages to readers. Samovar, Porter Jain (2001) claim that intercultural communication researchers found that in Asian cultures, direct eye contact is considered aggressive and unfeminine. However, in cultures such as Singapore and Taiwan, women models tend to look directly at the camera. This may be credited to prevailing standards of appearing attractive or it may suggest photographic conventions led by womens liberation movement in Western industrialized countries to depict women as confident and expressing themselves with direct eye contact (Frith, Cheng Shaw, 2004).Hovland et al. (2005) conducted a study that found many Korean women experiencing dilemmas between the Westernized ideal images of wome n conveyed in womens magazines and their own expected traditional roles in their culture. Western values promoted such as competition, freedom, professionalism and individualism challenge traditional Korean values of harmony, respectfulness and collectivism. This shows how American magazines can be powerful in unsettling readers when they read articles that have ideologies that may not agree with their own. It is interesting to note that American contemporary womens magazines such as Cosmopolitan magazines have such a wide reach that traverses various cultures and locations, so the ideologies they present may be interpreted in various ways. Contemporary American womens magazines use a limited range of races of its models. These magazines target a market that is predominantly Caucasian and may not expect to target other races. This may be viewed as ethnocentric (Hovland et al., 2005). Ironically, Asian womens magazines adopt Western images in their advertising. In both American and Asian magazines, the use of Black models is not too frequent and this may be indicative of the adoption of the Western emphasis on the predominance of a White or European beauty standard (Hovland et al., 2005).Increased Sexualization in Popular Modern Music GenresHeavy metal music, described as the overtly violent and sexually explicit segments of rock and roll music (Lynxwiler, 1988) earned the wrath of Parents Music Resource Center (PMRC) and targeted a media campaign against it (Gore, 1987). The organization portrayed heavy metal music as dangerous to young minds because it emphasized the use of drugs, encouraged adolescent sex, endorsed sexist/ pornographic values, instrumental in delivering occult messages and caused violent, lawless behavior (Markson, 1990). Such claims created much controversy that it received national attention when Congressional hearings were held to determine if indeed heavy metal albums and other forms of popular music must be evaluated for their influen ce in proliferation of porn-rock in the United States (Gray, 1989). The hearings did not produce great changes however, more and more organizations concerned with child victims such as conservative parental, religious and feminist groups pushed for the regulation of heavy metal music (Bayles, 1994). Still others began their own uprising against rap music (Binder, 1993).Jones (1997) claims, that as a matter of definition, rap and hip-hop music are often used interchangeably. However, Powell (1991) defined hip-hop as the beat of the music and rap as the memorial representation, the talking over the beat. Hence, the use of explicit violence and sexual lyrics may be blamed down to rap. Powell (1991) described commercial rap as hip hop or dance rap. Hardcore rap, or gangster rap is the one that raises much controversy.Researchers have suggested that hip hop and rap music, rooted in Black culture can be tools through which Black youth may negotiate their identities to develop an authenti c Black identity (Clay, 2003). They see the music as reflective of their lives and to assert that music relates to empowerment, cultural connection and positive identity development (Sullivan, 2003 Berry, 1994). Critics of hip hop and rap, however, have argued that Black youth may be very susceptible to the influences of hip hop role models who promise money, power and status to men who show disrespect for women (Squires, Kohn-Wood, Chavous Carter, 2006). Mahiri and Conners (2003) ethnographic study of African American middle school students manifested resistance in the negative images emanating from rap and hiphop. This study suggested the use of rap and hiphop images related to social and gender roles as a point of reference from which participants could verbally evaluate, compare and contrast their own beliefs and attitudes. Adolescents in the study of Squires, Kohn-Wood, Chavous Carter (2006) believed that certain women can be nasty and may consider to be abused, and that abu sive men may be products of their environment. Still, they showed dissatisfaction with the representations of Black men and women in hip hop. Their criticisms revolved around womens individual behavior and appearance and how outsiders might stereotype Black men as thugs for emulating hiphop fashion. Such perceptions of gender roles based on hiphop seemed to extend to the participants evaluations of womens and mens responsibility and choices with regards to genuine world sexual aggression and violence (Squires, Kohn-Wood, Chavous Carter, 2006)The problematic aspects of rap music is usually focused on its most acrimonious strain which is gangsta rap. Narratives in such strain are extremely troubling in their glamorization of violence,, materialism, misogyny and sexual transgression (Mahiri Conner, 2003). However, Dyson (1996) argued that the vulgarity expressed in gangsta rap are strongly linked to dominate cultural constructions of the other and market-driven strategies for ramp ant economic and human exploitation. Therefore, Dyson noted, the debate about gangsta rap should be situated in a much broader critique of how these narratives essentially mirror ancient stereotypes of Black identity and sexual proclivity through the societys circulation of brutal images of black men as sexual outlaws and black females as hos (1996, p. 178)

The 1920’s and 30’s - Difficult Times for Blacks in America Essays

The 1920s and 30s - Difficult Times for Blacks in AmericaThe 1920s and 30s were some troublesome times for many blacks living in the United States. Even though they were free men, a lot of blacks were still hardened like slaves. They were subject to unfair trials, beatings, lynchings, the presumption of guilty before trial, and were also least in priority to lily- lights. Harper Lee also shows these same acts of diagonal in her book To Kill A Mockingbird.It was much easier for a white man to go on trial than a colored man. In 1918, white troops from Illinois, in broad daylight, under the eyes of tens of thousands of people, shot, wounded and killed over one hundred Negroes without any reasonable or apparent provocation from the Negroes. No white soldier was even apprehended or tried in court for this act. Shortly after, Negro troops taunted by abuses, and provoked by harm were alleged to have shot up the town of Houston, killing a few people. The Negro soldiers were tried the verdict was withheld from public they were denied the right of appeal, and were hustled to the scaffold (Messenger 96). This drill shows how the whites were by far favored over the blacks in the court of law. Also the quote There is one law for the white man in this plain and another for the black man, shows how the courts were unfair (Messenger 96). During this time period all of the juries had to consist of white males. Most of the white males were prepossession. So, no matter what the evidence would say, the prejudice would take over and the thought that all blacks are bad would come in to play in the verdict. It would almost be dishonorable for a white man to not vote a black man guilty, no matter what the evidence poin... ... Herbert. Vol. 2. Secaus Citadel Press, Inc., 1973. 512-516Hodges, Aimee and Strenth, Rob KKK Page. 10 Mar. 2001 1928. 1-2 http//www.coe.ufl.edu/courses/edtech/vault/SS/20s/kkk/kkkpage.html.Lee, Harper. To Kill A Mockingbird. Philadelphia J.B. Lippincott Company, 1960Messenger, The. 1918. A Statement of Fact On Lynching. A Documentary History of The Negro People In the United States. Ed. Aptheker, Herbert. Vol 2. Secaus Citadel Press, Inc., 1973. 610-614Pickens, William. The Woman Voter Hits The modify Line. A Documentary History of the Negro People In the United States. Ed. Aptheker, Herbert. Vol. 3. New York Carol Publishing Group, 1990. 305-309.Walter, White. A Statement of Fact On Lynching. A Documentary History of the Negro People In the United States. Ed. Aptheker, Herbert. Vol. 2. Secaus Citadel Press, Inc., 1973. 610-614

Womens Misleading Magazines Essay -- Media Self Image Beauty Advertis

Womens Misleading MagazinesI was flipping through some channels on the television set peerless day and came across a womans talk show, The View. It caught my attention when one of the hostesses asked the earreach of mostly women to raise their hand if they thought they were truly beautiful. Much to my surprise the audience did not respond with very legion(predicate) show of hands. The hostess then introduced a study done by Dove, the makers of the body soap. Dove polled over 6,000 women from exclusively over the country and only two percent of the women polled said they feel beautiful. Women are surrounded by im sequences screaming physical beauty is more significant than their talents and accomplishments. Women are deriving their self worth from an ideal of how they think they should look and how they think everyone else wants them to look instead of focusing on their scent out of who they are, what they know, and where they are outlet in life. In Help or Hindrance? Wo mens Magazines Offer Readers Little But Fear, Failure, Mary Kay Blakely states, Instead of encouraging women to grow beyond childish myths and vary to the changes of life, womens snips have readers running in place, exhausted. She goes on to say, This is a world we have made up for women, and it is a perilous place to exist. One of the biggest culprits feeding womens insecurities are the popular womens magazine that line the book shelves of grocery stores, gas stations, and waiting rooms. They supply readers and the occasional innocent passerby with unrealistic images of what women should be instead of showing diverse age groups and women with natural beauty. Reading through a couple of magazines, Cosmopolitan, Elle, and Shape, I found nothing but hidden agendas and... ...ce in society. And the effects of the ideals behind these magazines are alone the more powerful because of their subtlety. Women walk away from these magazines with an empty feeling and feelings of many i nadequacies and they really dont know exactly why. The subtle undermining of womens intelligence and cause strips away their sense of worth ever so slowly and leaves them feeling depressed and in search of something that really cant exist together. Growing old while staying young takes many years of complete and internal happiness not many years of collagen injections and the added stress of having to stay unattainably perfect. While some consider these journalists for womens magazines talented writers, I consider them horrendous displays of talent in which they sell out the naturally beautiful women of the world for a quick buck and a popular magazine.

Affirmative Action Essay -- Affirmative Action Essays

Affirmative action- a plan to offset past secernment in employing or educating women, blacks etc. (Websters New human beings Dictionary.)     The history of affirmative action has its roots in the Civil Rights Act of 1964, and stems from the United States Supreme case of Brown vs. Board of Education of Topeka Kansas. In 1965, President Linden B. Johnson issued Executive Order 11246 at Howard University that required federal contractors to undertake affirmative action to increase the number of minorities that they employ. President Johnson wanted to witness that minorities were recruited to have real opportunities to be hired and then eventually get a promotion. (Internet www.sru.edu) In 1969, the department of Labor exposed widespread racial discrimination of the Construction Department so President Nixon decided to incorporate a system of "goals and timetables" that provided guidelines for companies to follow and comply with affirmative action regulati ons. During the presidency of Gerald Ford, he drawn-out affirmative action to people with disabilities and Vietnam veterans but there were no goals or timetables for these two groups. This type of affirmative action required recruitment efforts, accessibility, accommodation and reviews of somatic and mental job qualifications.     President Jimmy Carter consolidated all federal agencies that were required by law to follow the affirmative action play into the Depar...

Communication Essay -- Verbal and Non Verbal Communication

Today many people still lack the ability to communicate efficaciously with in interpersonal relationships. It is through cooperation and collaboration that effective communion occurs. By analyzing and studying the communication process we deal improve our ability to communicate effectively between iodine another.To have a successful interpersonal relationship one must first interact with others, which is called interpersonal communication (Hybels and Weaver pg.156). Recognizing emotions in other is a very important first step to building a relationship. If you cant feel what someone else is feeling then you cant connect with them on a personal level and that can hinder your relationship process. Interpersonal communication is important because of the functions it achieves. Whenever we engage in communication with another person, we seek to gain information about them. We also give off information through a wide variety of verbal and non-verbal cues. vocal communication ha s huge effects on many aspects of life, including interpersonal relationships. Speaking and telling our needs and wants verbally or non-verbally is a necessity for daily life. oral communication is organized by language non-verbal communication is not. Most of us spend about 75 percent of our waking hours communicating our knowledge, thoughts, and ideas to others (Allis, 2002). However, most of us fail to realize that a great deal of our communication is of a non-verbal form as opposed to the oral and written forms. Non-verbal communication includes facial expressions, oculus contact, tone of voice, body posture and motions, and positioning within groups. It may also include the way we wear our clothes or the silence we keep.In personal com... ...We can do this by conflict resolution, which is negotiating to find a solution to the conflict (Hybels, 2007 pg202). Depending on how a conflict is resolved it can produce a positive or negative result. For example if two sisters are f ight over a dress to wear on the weekend, they have two choices one wear the dress and the other one does not, which leaves one sister unhappy (negative outcome) or incomplete of them wear it, so both are satisfied and neither of them are jealous of the other (positive outcome). It also helps to take a positive approach to conflict resolution, where discussion is considerate and non-confrontational, and the heart of the matter is on issues preferably than on individuals. If this is done, then, as long as people listen carefully and explore facts, issues and possible solutions properly, conflict can often be resolved effectively.